Academic Certificate
Credential awarded for successful completion of a formal education program, demonstrating requisite knowledge and skills.
Formal education programs include academic, career, technical programs with defined completion requirements and often require approvals by provincial or federal government.
Accredit Action
Action by an independent, neutral, and authoritative agent that certifies an entity as meeting a prescribed set of standards.
Since an instance of ceterms:CredentialingAction is a claim that a certain agent has taken the action being described, creation of such a ceterms:CredentialingAction should be reserved to the agent of that action.
Advanced Standing Action
Claim by an agent asserting that the object credential of the action provides advanced standing for a credential under the asserting agent's authority.
Agent
Organization or person that acts or has the power to act.
Broad type that includes both organizations and people who play roles in the lifecycle of a resource.
Aggregate Data Profile
Resource containing summary statistical data.
To express more complex data, use qdata:DataSetProfile.
Alignment Map
Entity comprised of a set of alignment or mapping assertions between two existing entities.
Alignment maps provide the means for parties to assert sets of alignments between already existing entities created by themselves or other parties.
Alignment Object
Entity describing the relationship between two nodes in different frameworks.
"Frameworks" may be interpreted broadly to include any scheme or schema for organizing and referencing resources.
Used to compare concepts in concept schemes, levels in progression models, types of resource in an ontology etc.
Apprentice Certificate
Credential awarded at the Apprentice level for successful completion of an apprenticeship program in industry trades and professions.
Approve Action
Action by an independent, neutral, and authoritative agent that pronounces a favorable judgment of a credential.
Assessment
Direct, indirect, formative, and summative evaluation or estimation of the nature, ability, or quality of an entity, performance, or outcome of an action.
Assessment Component
Resource that identifies a direct, indirect, formative, and summative evaluation or estimation of the nature, ability, or quality of a resource, performance, or outcome of an action.
Instances act as proxies or stand-ins for other resources in the context of a particular pathway so that relationships between them as components of that pathway can be stated without implying that the those relationships are true of the resources in other contexts.
Assessment Profile
Entity that describes the key characteristics of an assessment for a credential.
Characteristics described include, but are not limited to, processes for assessment development, maintenance, selection and evaluation as well as assessment examples.
The ceterms:AssessmentProfile is intended for use in describing stand-alone assessments. Assessments that are a part of a learning opportunity associated with a credential should be described as part the ceterms:LearningOpportunityProfile for that learning opportunity.
Associate Degree
College/university award for students typically completing the first two years of full-time postsecondary school education.
Equivalent to an award at UNESCO ISCED 2011, Level 5, and United States IPEDS Award Level 3.
Use this class for types of Associate Degrees that are not covered by more specific subtypes.
Associate of Applied Arts Degree
College/university award for students typically completing two years of full-time postsecondary school education in a technical, professional, or vocational program with an emphasis on direct employment in the arts and social sciences fields.
Use the name property to capture local variations on what this class covers.
Associate of Applied Science Degree
College/university award for students typically completing two years of full-time postsecondary school education in a technical, professional, or vocational program with an emphasis on direct employment in applied scientific and technological fields.
Associate of Arts Degree
College/university award for students typically completing the first two years of full-time postsecondary school education with an emphasis in the liberal arts and sciences such as the humanities and social science fields.
Associate of Science Degree
College/university award for students typically completing the first two years of full-time postsecondary school education with an emphasis in scientific and technical fields and professional fields of study.
Bachelor's Degree
College/university award for students typically completing three to five years of education where course work and activities advance skills beyond those of the first one to two years of college/university study.
Equivalent to an award at UNESCO ISCED 2011, Level 6, and United States IPEDS Award Level 5.
Use for 5-year cooperative (work-study) programs. A cooperative plan provides for alternate class attendance and employment in business, industry, or government; thus, it allows students to combine actual work experience with their college studies. Also includes bachelor's degrees in which the normal 4 years of work are completed in 3 years.
Bachelor of Arts Degree
College/university award for students typically completing three to five years of education where course work and activities advance skills beyond those of the first one to two years of college/university study, with an emphasis in the liberal arts and sciences such as the humanities and social science fields.
Bachelor of Science Degree
College/university award for students typically completing three to five years of education where course work and activities advance skills beyond those of the first one to two years of college/university study, with an emphasis in scientific and technical fields and professional fields of study.
Badge
Recognition designed to be displayed as a marker of accomplishment, activity, achievement, skill, interest, association, or identity.
Basic Component
Resource that identifies a resource not otherwise covered by the enumerated PathwayComponent subclasses.
Basic Technical Certificate
Credential awarded at a postsecondary level for successful completion of a formal education program that is completed within one semester, demonstrating competencies within a specific occupational area, indicating job readiness.
Typically equivalent to a United States IPEDS level 1a that specifies postsecondary certificates of less than 300 clock hours, or less than 9 semester or trimester credit hours, or less than 13 quarter credit hours and UNESCO ISCED 2011 Levels 3 or 4.
Certificate
Credential which designates participation in, completion of, or demonstration of requisite knowledge and skills for a formal academic or training program, an occupation, or non-formal learning.
Distinct from degrees of higher education and typically non-renewable. For degrees of higher education use an appropriate type from the Degree hierarchy.
Certificate of Completion
Credential that acknowledges completion of an assignment, training or other activity.
A record of the activity may or may not exist, and the credential may or may not be designed as preparation for another resource such as a credential, assessment, or learning opportunity.
Certificate of Participation
Credential that acknowledges attendance and/or engagement in an activity.
These certificates do not imply completion, or mastery of specific skills, or that a grade has been awarded, but recognize the individual's active participation with an activity. A record of the activity may or may not exist, and the credential may or may not be designed as preparation for another resource such as a credential, assessment, or learning opportunity.
Certification
Time-limited, revocable, renewable credential awarded by an authoritative body for demonstrating the knowledge, skills, and abilities to perform specific tasks or an occupation.
Certifications can typically be revoked if not renewed, for a violation of a code of ethics (if applicable) or proven incompetence after due process. Description of revocation criteria for a specific Certification should be defined using Revocation Profile.
Cocurricular Component
Resource that identifies an activity, program, or informal learning experience such as a civic or service activity that supplements and complements the curriculum.
Collection
Aggregation of related resources.
Collection Component
Resource that is a proxy for the entities contained in or referenced by an external Collection, Framework, or other such list, or for the list itself.
Completion or satisfaction of this Component entails completion or satisfaction of all members of the referenced list, unless otherwise indicated by Constraints or other relevant information.
Collection Member
Provides information about the membership of a resource in a Collection.
Instances act as proxies or stand-ins for other resources in the context of a particular collection so that the relationships between them and the collection can be stated without implying that those relationships are true in other contexts.
The data recorded for a Collection Member should refer to the membership of the resource in a Collection.
Competency Component
Resource that identifies a measurable or observable knowledge, skill, or ability necessary to successful performance of a person in a given context.
Competency is broadly defined to include assertions of academic, professional, occupational, vocational and life goals, outcomes, and standards, however labeled. Instances act as proxies or stand-ins for other resources in the context of a particular pathway so that relationships between them as components of that pathway can be stated without implying that the those relationships are true of the resources in other contexts.
Component Condition
Resource that describes what must be done to complete a PathwayComponent, or part thereof, as determined by the issuer of the Pathway.
A ComponentCondition references a single RuleSet defining appropriate values fulfilling the condition.
Condition Manifest
Set of constraints, prerequisites, entry conditions, or requirements maintained at the organizational and/or sub-organizational level.
These conditions are intended to be referenced by external entities such as individual credentials in order to facilitate the process of their description and to reduce unnecessary duplication of data applicable across an array of entities.
Condition Profile
Entity describing a constraint, prerequisite, entry condition, or requirement.
Constraints exist with credentials, learning opportunities, assessments and other entities to which they are subject during their lifecycles. In certain circumstances, the condition profile can be read as a description of a Person who meets the conditions.
Constraint
Resource that identifies the parameters defining a limitation or restriction applicable to candidate pathway components.
Constraint Rule
Abstract class of executable constraints.
An instance of the Constraint Rule class is a deployable machine solution for executing pathway constraints using specifications such as XPath, JSONPath, JsonLogic, ShEx, SHACL, BPMN, XPDL and BPEL.
Contact Point
Means of contacting an organization or its representative.
For example, a public relations email address or phone number.
Cost Manifest
Entity that describes a set of costs maintained at, and applicable across the organizational and/or sub-organizational level.
Instances of these ceterms:CostManifest entities are intended to be referenced by other entities to augment the process of describing their costs.
Cost Profile
Entity that describes direct costs one would incur if one were to pursue a credential, assessment, learning opportunity, or aspects thereof.
Course
Single structured sequence of one or more educational activities that aims to develop a prescribed set of competencies of learners.
Course is distinct from Program, which aggregates several courses.
Course Component
Resource that identifies a structured sequence of one or more learning activities that aims to develop a prescribed set of knowledge, skill, or ability of learners.
Credential
Qualification, achievement, personal or organizational quality, or aspect of an identity typically used to indicate suitability.
The ceterms:Credential class is broadly defined to encompass credentials used across domains and communities of practice. The class should be used only when speaking of credentials in general. Subclasses of ceterms:Credential as defined by Credential Engine (or other communities) should be used when referencing specific types of credentials.
Credential Alignment Object
Entity describing an affiliation or association between an entity such as a credential, learning opportunity or assessment and another entity in a structured framework such as a concept scheme, enumerated list, or competency framework.
Credential Assertion
Representation of a credential awarded to a person.
Credential Component
Resource that identifies another resource that describes qualification, achievement, personal or organizational quality, or aspect of an identity typically used to indicate suitability.
The ceterms:Credential class is broadly defined to encompass credentials used across domains and communities of practice. Subclasses of ceterms:Credential as defined by Credential Engine (or other communities) should be referenced. Instances act as proxies or stand-ins for other resources in the context of a particular pathway so that relationships between them as components of that pathway can be stated without implying that the those relationships are true of the resources in other contexts.
Credential Framework
Class of all structured sets of conceptual entities intentionally designed for use as value vocabulary terms for description and classification in the credentialing context.
The class includes, but is not limited to, subclasses of specialized concept schemes describing industries, occupations, professions, learning contexts and jobs, as well as specialized subject concept schemes, assessment rubrics, proficiency scales, and competency frameworks.
Credentialing Action
Action taken by an agent affecting the status of an object entity.
Credential Organization
Organization that plays one or more key roles in the lifecycle of a credential.
For organizations that are not a Credential Organization or a QA Credential Organization, use ceterms:Organization.
CredentialPerson
Person who plays a role as primary agent in a credentialing action.
The ceterms:CredentialPerson class should be used to describe persons directly engaged as primary agent in credentialing actions such as approving, offering, recognizing, renewing and revoking credentials and should not include persons merely affiliated with, or employed by organizations that perform such actions.
Credential Type
Type of credential as defined by an authoritative body for use within an officially regulated qualification system.
Examples include various qualifications such as generic types of degrees, diplomas and certificates that are defined with official standing in many countries with regulations concerning who can offer them and what is required to earn them. They are often referenced against the qualification framework for the relevant jurisdiction.
To be used as the value of the credentialType property with the nearest matching subclass of ceterms:Credential used as the value of the type property. The CredentialType allows similar credentials from different jurisdictions to be identified, compared and contrasted; the Credential Class allows grouping of broadly similar credentials.
Degree
Academic credential conferred upon completion of a program or course of study, typically over multiple years at a college or university.
Digital Badge
Badge offered in digital form.
Diploma
Credential awarded by educational institutions for successful completion of a course of study or its equivalent.
Doctoral Degree
Highest credential award for students who have completed both a bachelor's degree and a master's degree or their equivalent as well as independent research and/or a significant project or paper.
Equivalent to UNESCO ISCED, Level 8 and United States IPEDS Award Levels 17, 18, and 19.
Duration Profile
Entity describing the temporal aspects of a resource.
Temporal aspects include exact, minimum, and maximum timeframes of an activity.
Earnings Profile
Entity that describes earning and related statistical information for a given credential.
The use of ceterms:AggregateDataProfile instead of this class is strongly recommended.
Employment Outcome Profile
Entity that describes employment outcomes and related statistical information for a given credential.
Evaluation Outcome
Entity that describes the results of a valuation or appraisal of a resource.
Do not use for test results or other outcomes of assessments of people.
Extracurricular Component
Resource that identifies an activity, program, or informal learning experience that may be offered or provided by a school, college, or other organization that is not connected to a curriculum.
Financial Assistance Profile
Entity that describes financial assistance that is offered or available.
General Education Development (GED)
Credential awarded by examination that demonstrates that an individual has acquired secondary school-level academic skills.
Equivalent to a secondary school diploma, based on passing a state- or province-selected examination such as GED, HiSET, or TASC; or to an award at UNESCO ISCED 2011 Levels 2 or 3.
General Education Level 1 Certificate
Credential award at a postsecondary level for successful completion of general education courses that cover a broad range of foundational academic skills and takes less than 1 year.
Can lead to a General Education Certificate Level 2 or a degree. Equivalent to a United States IPEDS Award Level 1b that specifies postsecondary certificates of 300-899 clock hours, or 9-29 semester or trimester credit hours, or 13-44 quarter credit hours and UNESCO ISCED 2011 Level 4.
If the competencies are related to a specific subject area or occupational area use the Technical Level 1 or use a Higher Education Certificate.
General Education Level 2 Certificate
Credential award at a postsecondary level for successful completion of general education courses that takes at least 1 year that cover a broad range of foundational academic skills and takes less than 2 years to complete.
Can lead to a degree. Equivalent to a United States IPEDS Award Level 2 that specifies postsecondary certificates of at least 900 but less than 1,800 clock hours, or at least 30 but less than 60 semester or trimester credit hours, or at least 45 but less than 90 quarter credit hours and UNESCO ISCED 2011 Level 4.
If the competencies are related to a specific subject area or occupational area use the Technical Level 2 or use a Higher Education Certificate.
Geographic Coordinates
Geographic coordinates of a place or event including latitude and longitude as well as other locational information.
Higher Education Level 1 Certificate
Credential awarded at the postsecondary level for successful completion of a formal higher education program that takes about one year in a specific subject.
Typically equivalent to 60 ECTS Credits at Level 5 in the European Qualifications Framework or UNESCO ISCED 2011 Level 5.
Higher Education Level 2 Certificate
Credential awarded at the postsecondary level for successful completion of a formal higher education program that takes about two years in a specific subject.
Typically equivalent to 120 ECTS Credits at Level 5 in the European Qualifications Framework and the Short Cycle in the Qualifications Framework of the European Higher Education Area, or UNESCO ISCED 2011 Level 5.
Holders Profile
Entity describing the count and related statistical information of holders of a given credential.
Identifier Value
Means of identifying a resource, typically consisting of an alphanumeric token and a context or scheme from which that token originates.
Where a formal identification system exists for the identifier, recommended best practice is to use a string conforming to that system.
Industry
Broad category of economic activities encompassing various sectors.
Industry Classification
Class of of concept schemes defining industries such as NAICS in the U.S. and ESCO in the European Union.
Instructional Program Classification
Class of concept schemes defining instructional program types such as the CIP codes in the U.S.
Class of concept schemes defining types
Job
Set of responsibilities based on work roles within an occupation as defined by an employer.
Job describes an abstraction or template that specific job postings or openings could be instances of.
Job Component
Resource that identifies a work position, employment, or occupation.
Journeyman Certificate
Credential awarded at the Journeyman level for successful completion of an apprenticeship program in industry trades and professions.
Jurisdiction Profile
Geo-political information about applicable geographic areas and their exceptions.
Learning Opportunity
Structured and unstructured learning and development opportunities based in direct experience, formal and informal study, observation, and involvement in discourse and practice.
Examples of learning opportunities include education and training programs and classes, courses of study, apprenticeship or work experience programs, or other structured experiences intended to serve as educational or training events.
Classes of learning opportunities defined in other namespaces such as schema.org/Course may be declared as equivaleny or subclasses of ceterms:LearningOpportunity to support their discovery through applications processing CTDL data.
Learning Opportunity Profile
Entity describing an educational or training opportunity.
Opportunities include formal and informal educational training programs and classes, apprenticeship or work experience programs, or other structured or unstructured experiences that serve as educational or training activities.
Learning Program
Set of learning opportunities that leads to an outcome, usually a credential like a degree or certificate.
Learning Resource
Entity that is used as part of an learning activity (e.g. a textbook) or that describes (e.g. a lesson plan) or records the educational activity (e.g. an audio- or video-recording of a lesson).
License
Credential awarded by a government agency or other authorized organization that constitutes legal authority to do a specific job and/or utilize a specific item, system or infrastructure and are typically earned through some combination of degree or certificate attainment, certifications, assessments, work experience, and/or fees, and are time-limited and must be renewed periodically.
Master Trade Certificate
Credential awarded at the Master level for demonstration of the highest level of skills and performance in industry trades and professions.
Master's Degree
Credential awarded for a graduate level course of study where course work and activities advance skills beyond those of the bachelor's degree or its equivalent.
Equivalent to an award at UNESCO ISCED 2011, Level 7, and United States IPEDS Award Level 7.
Master of Arts Degree
Credential awarded for a graduate level course of study where course work and activities advance skills beyond those of the bachelor's degree or its equivalent, with an emphasis in the liberal arts and sciences such as the humanities and social science fields.
Master of Science Degree
Credential awarded for a graduate level course of study where course work and activities advance skills beyond those of the bachelor's degree or its equivalent, with an emphasis in scientific and technical fields and professional fields of study.
Micro-Credential
Credential that addresses a subset of field-specific knowledge, skills, or competencies; often developmental with relationships to other micro-credentials and field credentials.
Multi Component
Resource that is a proxy for multiple entities.
Completion or satisfaction of this Component entails completion or satisfaction of all entities for which this Component is a proxy, unless otherwise indicated by Constraints or other relevant information.
Occupation
Profession, trade, or career field that may involve training and/or a formal qualification.
Occupation Classification
Class of concept schemes identifying occupations such as the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system in the U.S. and the European Skills/Competences, Qualifications and Occupations (ESCO).
Offer Action
Action by an authoritative agent offering access to a entity such as a credential, learning opportunity or assessment.
Open Badge
Visual symbol containing verifiable claims in accordance with the Open Badges specification and delivered digitally.
Organization
An entity such as an association, company, corporation, club, co-operative, labor union etc.
Use for organizations that are not a Credential Organization or a QACredential Organization.
Pathway
Resource composed of a structured set of PathwayComponents defining points along a route to fulfillment of a goal or objective.
Pathway Component
Resource that serves as a defined point along the route of a Pathway which describes an objective and its completion requirements through reference to one or more instances of ComponentCondition.
An instance of PathwayComponent may serve as the goal or destination node of a Pathway.
PathwayComponent is a super-type that represents a family of more precise sub-types. In pathway descriptions, always use the sub-type of PathwayComponent appropriate to your circumstances, e.g., AssessmentComponent, CocurricularComponent, CompetencyComponent, CourseComponent, CredentialComponent, ExtracurricularComponent, JobComponent, and WorkExperienceComponent. Use BasicComponent for types of entities not covered by the current set of sub-types.
Pathway Set
A roadmap of multiple related pathways that lead to one or more destinations.
Pay Profile
Entity that describes the monetary compensation for work.
Place
Entity describing a physical location or geospatial area.
Postal Address
Entity describing a mailing address.
Post-Baccalaureate Certificate
Credential award that requires completion of an organized program of study at a level beyond that of a bachelor's degree, which is designed for persons who have completed a baccalaureate degree but does not meet the requirements of a master's degree.
This may include certificates that are for specialties within an occupational field or occupational program of study. Equivalent to a United States IPEDS Award Level 6 and UNESCO ISCED 2011 Level 7.
Post-Master Certificate
Credential award that requires completion of an organized program of study beyond that of a master's degree, which is designed for persons who have completed a master's degree but does not meet the requirements of a doctor's degree.
This may include certificates that are for specialties within an occupational field or occupational program of study and can include post-doctoral first professional certificates such as healthcare and law. Equivalent to a United States IPEDS Award Level 7 or 17, 18, and 19, and UNESCO ISCED 2011 Level 8.
Pre-Apprenticeship Certificate
Credential awarded to indicate readiness for an apprentice-level program.
Prior Learning Policy
Authoritative statement of rules, principles, or procedures adopted by an organization to govern decisions and actions within the scope of prior learning.
Process Profile
Entity describing the type, nature, and other relevant information about a process.
Professional Certificate
Credential awarded for demonstrating competencies in a profession or particular occupational field, including job readiness.
These certificates validate competency in tasks, tools, software, or procedures within a particular industry and are often awarded by training centers, career and technical education, industry organizations, or businesses.
Professional Doctorate
Doctoral degree conferred upon completion of a program providing the knowledge and skills for the recognition, credential, or license required for professional practice.
Equivalent to UNESCO ISCED, Level 8 and United States IPEDS Award Level 18.
Proficiency Certificate
Credential awarded after assessment of skills in a specific area defined by a recognized body of experts, without regard for how the skills were learned.
Examples of specific areas include language, typing, music, and dance.
QA Credential Organization
Quality assurance organization that plays one or more key roles in the lifecycle of a credential, learning program, or assessment.
For organizations that are not a QA Credential Organization or a Credential Organization, use ceterms:Organization.
Qualifications Framework
Instrument for developing, classifying and issuing qualifications at international, national, regional or sectoral levels according to a set of criteria (such as descriptors) applicable to specified levels of learning outcomes.
Quality Assurance Credential
Credential assuring that an organization, program, or awarded credential meets prescribed requirements and may include development and administration of qualifying examinations.
Recognize Action
Action by an independent, neutral, and authoritative agent acknowledging the validity of a resource.
Registration Action
Action by an independent, neutral, and authoritative agent that registers a resource that has been vetted, approved, and validated to meet specific criteria.
Regulate Action
Action by an independent, neutral, and authoritative agent enforcing the legal requirements of a resource.
Regulatory Information
Statements provided about a resource in order to comply with legal requirements.
The statements are provided using the ceterms:structuredStatement property. Other properties provide contextualizing information about these statements.
Renew Action
Action by an agent renewing an existing credential assertion.
Research Doctorate
Doctoral degree conferred for advanced work beyond the master level, including the preparation and defense of a thesis or dissertation based on original research, or the planning and execution of an original project demonstrating substantial artistic or scholarly achievement.
Equivalent to UNESCO ISCED, Level 8 and United States IPEDS Award Level 17.
Revocation Profile
Entity describing conditions and methods by which a credential can be removed from a holder.
Revoke Action
Action by an agent removing an awarded credential (credential assertion) from the credential holder based on violations or failure of the holder to renew.
Rights Action
Action asserting legal rights by an agent to possess, defend, transfer, license, and grant conditional access to a credential, learning opportunity, or assessment.
Scheduled Offering
Offering of a Learning Opportunity or Assessment with a schedule associated with a specified location or modality.
Provides data specific to a given scheduled offering; the Learning Opportunity (including Course and Learning Program) or Assessment being offered provides all data that is shared between different offerings.
Rather than repeating data, only use this class if the data differs from the data provided by the resource for which this is an offer.
Secondary Education Certificate
Credential for successful completion of a formal secondary-level education program that is less than a diploma and does not indicate completion of secondary education graduation requirements.
Use Diploma or General Education Development to indicate completion of secondary education graduation requirements.
Secondary School Diploma
Diploma awarded by secondary education institutions for successful completion of a secondary school program of study.
Equivalent to an award at UNESCO ISCED 2011 Levels 2 or 3.
Specialist Degree
Credential awarded for a graduate level course of study where course work and activities advance skills beyond those of the master’s degree and less than a doctoral degree and provide specific preparation for advanced careers in a specialist field.
Equivalent to UNESCO ISCED, Level 8, and United States IPEDS Award Level 8.
Structured Statement
A statement provided verbatim or by reference, with additional context such as type, source, or citation.
Do not use a StructureStatement if a property such as ceterms:description is adequate. When using ceterms:StructuredStatement use ceterms:statementText for the text in a document. Use ceterms:description and ceterms:subjectWebpage when a link is needed to the text in a document. The link should be directly to the relevant section of the document.
Support Service
Resources and assistance that help people overcome barriers to succeed in their education and career goals.
Support services can be provided at any stage of an individual's education or career, and may be targeted towards people with or without direct affiliation with an organization. The goal of support services is to provide people with the assistance they need to achieve their full potential. Examples of Support Services include career advice, job placement, childcare, transportation, tools, mentorship, counseling, and other forms of aid.
Task
Specific activity, typically related to performing a function or achieving a goal.
Technical Level 1 Certificate
Credential award at a postsecondary level for successful completion of a formal education program that is more than one semester and less than 1 year, demonstrating competencies within a specific subject area or an occupational area indicating job readiness.
Can lead to a Technical Certificate Level 2 or a degree. Equivalent to a United States IPEDS Award Level 1b that specifies postsecondary certificates of 300-899 clock hours, or 9-29 semester or trimester credit hours, or 13-44 quarter credit hours and UNESCO ISCED 2011 Level 4.
Technical Level 2 Certificate
Credential award at a postsecondary level for successful completion of a formal education program that is at least 1 year but less than 2 years, demonstrating competencies within a specific subject area or in an occupational area indicating job readiness.
Technical Level 3 Certificate
Credential award at a postsecondary level for successful completion of a formal education program that is at least 2 years but less than 4 years, demonstrating competencies within specific occupational areas indicating job readiness.
Can lead to a degree. Equivalent to a United States IPEDS Award Level 4 that specifies certificates of 1,800 or more clock hours, or 60 or more semester or trimester credit hours, or 90 or more quarter credit hours and UNESCO ISCED 2011 Level 5.
Transfer Agreement
Formal agreement between two or more parties that specifies how prior learning is recognized, including its transfer and applicability for credit.
May include articulation agreements, memoranda of understanding, or similar arrangements that govern how learning achievements are recognized across organizations or other boundaries.
Transfer Intermediary
Surrogate resource to which other resources are mapped in order to indicate their common transferability.
Used when multiple resources such as courses are grouped together to indicate they have mutually agreed upon transfer value.
Transfer Value Profile
Description of learning value from one context when transferred to another.
The learning value described in a Transfer Value Profile is commonly expressed as credit earned in one context and applied toward another, enabling a person to fulfill requirements without repeating equivalent learning. Other forms of recognition of prior learning, such as competencies or exemptions, may also be described.
Transfer Value Profile is used to describe learning value in contexts such as recognition of prior learning or transfer. It does not describe the inherent credit value of a resource within the organization that owns or offers it; use ceterms:creditValue with a Value Profile for that purpose.
Value Profile
A description of value awarded for, required by, or otherwise related to the resource.
Verification Service Profile
Entity describing the means by which someone can verify whether a credential has been attained.
Includes, but is not limited to, verification of whether quality assurance credentials have been issued for organizations, learning opportunities, and assessments.
Work-Based Learning Certificate
Credential awarded for work-based learning and earn-and-learn models that meet standards and are applicable to industry, trades, occupations, and professions.
Work-based learning includes many types of skills training that are occupation specific including, but not limited to apprenticeships.
Work Experience Component
Resource describing an activity or training through which a person gains job experience.
Workforce Demand Action
Action taken by an agent asserting that the resource being described has a workforce demand level worthy of note.
Work Role
Collection of tasks and competencies that embody a particular function in one or more jobs.
Monetary Amount
Monetary value or range.
Quantitative Value
A point value or interval for product characteristics and other purposes.
Use in CTDL to describe quantitative values such as minimum and maximum credits or credit hours, etc.
Ability Embodied
Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance are embodied either directly or indirectly in this resource.
The abilityEmbodied property may referenced a defined ability in an ontology such as O*NET or an existing competency defined in a competency framework.
Comment
Supplemental text provided by the promulgating body that clarifies the nature, scope or use of this resource.
Use this property when the text provides useful context for this resource.
Has Child
The referenced resource is lower in some arbitrary hierarchy than this resource.
This property identifies a child node in the downward path in the chain of resources in a taxon path.
Is Child Of
The referenced resource is higher in some arbitrary hierarchy than this resource.
Knowledge Embodied
Body of information embodied either directly or indirectly in this resource.
List ID
An alphanumeric string indicating the relative position of a resource in an ordered list of resources.
Examples of such strings include: such as "A", "B", or "a", "b", or "I", "II", or "1", "2".
Punctuation accompanying alphanumeric strings should not be included.
Skill Embodied
Ability to apply knowledge and use know-how to complete tasks and solve problems including types or categories of developed proficiency or dexterity in mental operations and physical processes is embodied either directly or indirectly in this resource.
The skillEmbodied property may reference a defined skill in an ontology such as O*NET or an existing competency defined in a competency framework.
Accommodation Type
Type of modification to facilitate equal access for people to a physical location, resource, or service.
Accredited By
Quality assurance organization that provides official authorization to, or approval of, a credential, organization, assessment, or learning opportunity.
Accredited In
Region or political jurisdiction such as a state, province or locale in which the credential, learning opportunity or assessment is accredited.
Accredits
Credential, assessment, organization, or learning opportunity for which this organization provides official authorization or approval based on prescribed standards or criteria.
Accredits includes the ongoing monitoring to confirm continued conformance to standards to maintain accreditation.
Acting Agent
Organization or person performing an action.
Action Status Type
Entity describing the current disposition or standing of an action; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Address
Particulars describing the location of the place.
Address Country
Nation with its own government and occupying a particular territory identified by the two-letter ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code.
Address Locality
Town, city, or village in which a particular location is situtated.
Address Region
State or province in which a particular location is situated.
Administration Process
Description of a process by which a resource is administered.
Processes described include the execution of events and the development of resources in the lifecycle of a credential or organization, such as the process for the proctoring of assessments.
For assessments and rubrics, this can be used to indicate the scoring algorithm.
Advanced Standing From
Resource that has its time or cost reduced by another resource.
Affiliated Agent
Organization or person that plays some role in assigning, performing, assisting with, facilitating, approving of, or otherwise being involved with the task being described.
Affiliation
Organization to which a person is formally related through work, sudy, or social engagement.
Agent Purpose
Organization's primary purpose as found on an "about" page of a website.
Agent Purpose Description
Short, key phrases describing the primary purpose of an organization as might be derived from the "about" page of it's website.
Agent Sector Type
Type of sociological, economic, or political subdivision served by an organization; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Recommended best practice for credentials in the Credential Engine Registry is to use concepts from the ceterms:AgentSector vocabulary.
Agent Type
Type of organization such as educational institution, credentialing organization or quality assurance body; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Best practice for developing credential descriptions for the Credential Engine Registry is to use the ceterms:OrganizationType vocabulary.
Aggregate Data
Statistical information about the resource.
Agreement Type
Type or nature of the document that is being described.
Best practice is to draw from an existing concept scheme such as ceterms:DocumentCategory, which may be supplemented by more precise terms from a locally defined concept scheme if required.
Alignment Date
The date the alignment was made.
Alignment Type
Type of relationship between two entities.
This property is necessary only for AlignmentObjects as part of an AlignmentMap where it is the property that expresses the alignment from the source node (as subject) and target node (as object). When the CredentialAlignmentObject is used, the type value is definitively identified by the property that points to it and so in this case the alignmentType property is redundant.
Alternate Name
Alias for the entity including acronyms, alpha-numeric notations, and other forms of name abbreviations in common use.
Alternative Condition
Constraints, prerequisites, entry conditions, or requirements in a context where more than one alternative condition or path has been defined and from which any one path fulfills the parent condition.
A set of alternative conditions are not necessarily mutually exclusive paths; for example, a set of alternative concentrations for a degree may allow a person to optionally complete more than one concentration even though only one is required to earn the degree.
Appeal Process
Description of a formal process for objecting to decisions of an organization.
Applicability
Receiving curriculum or requirement context to which the transfer value is applied.
If the types of applicability are formally defined as an enumeration published with URIs, > then the relevant URI can be entered as the targetNode of the Credential Alignment Object; if they are informally defined or not published then use the targetNodeName and targetNodeDescription of the Credential Alignment Object to define the relevant type.
Approved By
Agent that pronounces favorable judgment for this resource.
Approved In
Region or political jurisdiction such as a state, province or locale in which an organization pronounces favorable judgment for this resource.
Approves
Credential, assessment, learning opportunity, or organization for which this organization pronounces favorable judgment.
Approximate Closing Date
Approximate date the organization ceased operations or ceased to exist.
The value should be in ISO 8601 date format; specifically YYYY or YYY-MM.
Values may be just a year (e.g. 2026) or a year and a month (e.g. (2026-05). If the full date, i.e. year, month and day, are known use ceterms:closingDate.
Approximate Date Effective
Approximate date after which this resource is available or applicable.
Values may be just a year (e.g. 2026) or a year and a month (e.g. (2026-05). If the full date, i.e. year, month and day, are known use ceterms:dateEffective.
Approximate End Date
Approximate date some event or activity ends.
Values may be just a year (e.g. 2026) or a year and a month (e.g. (2026-05). If the full date, i.e. year, month and day, are known use ceterms:endDate.
Approximate Expiration Date
Approximate date beyond which the resource is no longer offered or available.
Values may be just a year (e.g. 2026) or a year and a month (e.g. (2026-05). If the full date, i.e. year, month and day, are known use ceterms:expirationDate.
Approximate Start Date
Approximate date the validity or usefulness of the information in this resource begins.
Values may be just a year (e.g. 2026) or a year and a month (e.g. (2026-05). If the full date, i.e. year, month and day, are known use ceterms:startDate.
Asserted By
Agent making a statement based on fact or belief.
Assesses
Competency evaluated through the assessment.
Assessment Delivery Type
Delivery type for the assessment for the credential.
Indicates the delivery type for the assessment for the credential.
Assessment Example
Example assessment or assessment item.
Assessment Example Description
Text of an example assessment or assessment item.
Assessment Method Description
Description of the methods used to conduct assessment.
Assessment Method Type
Type of method used to conduct an assessment; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Best practice for developing credential descriptions for the Credential Engine Registry is to use the ceterms:AssessmentMethod vocabulary.
Assessment Output
Description of the assessment artifact, performance or examination.
Assessment Use Type
Type of intended use of the assessment; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Best practice for developing credential descriptions for the Credential Engine Registry is to use the ceterms:AssessmentUse vocabulary.
Associated Date
Statement of a date made as part of a StructuredStatement, the meaning of which is indicated by the statementType property.
Associated Resource Description
Description of resources that support, supplement or are referenced during learning and assessment to which access may be required or recommended.
Where appropriate the description of the associated resource should include factors such as whether the resource is required or recommended.
At Level
Indicates the stage or level of achievement in a progression of learning.
Indicates the level an audience will hold upon completion or attainment. To indicate the level of the audience that should be qualified to pursue this resource, use audienceLevel.
Audience Level Type
Type of level indicating a point in a progression through an educational or training context, for which the resource is intended; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Best practice is to use terms from the CTDL Audience Level vocabulary.
Audience Type
The type of audience for which the resource is applicable, intended, or useful; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Best practice for developing credential descriptions for the Credential Engine Registry is to use the ceterms:Audience vocabulary.
Availability Listing
Listing of online and/or physical locations where a resource can be found or pursued.
Available At
Physical location where the credential, assessment, or learning opportunity can be pursued.
Available Online At
Online location where the credential, assessment, or learning opportunity can be pursued.
Base Period
Duration to which a monetary amount applies.
The duration will be specified using ISO8601 duration format. Common examples indicate that a salary is given on a per annum basis, in which case the value would be P1Y; for an hourly rate of pay the value would be PT1H.
Broad Alignment
Item that covers all of the relevant concepts in the item being described as well as additional relevant concepts.
Classification
Category or classification of this resource.
Where a more specific property exists, such as ceterms:naics, ceterms:isicV4, ceterms:credentialType, etc., use that property instead of this one.
Closing Date
Date the organization ceased operations or ceased to exist.
Values should be a full date, i.e. year, month and day; if the day or month are not known use ceterms:approximateClosingDate instead.
Coded Notation
Set of alpha-numeric symbols as defined by the body responsible for this resource that uniquely identifies this resource and supports its discovery and use.
Examples include course codes (e.g., "ENG101"), US Standard Occupation Codes (e.g., "31-9091"), North American Industry Classification System codes (e.g., "236117"), or any other bespoke code used by the provider of the resource to identify it.
For identifiers that come from a recognized identification scheme use the specific property for that identifier type, such as ceterms:opeID, ceterms:ncesID, ceterms:leiCode, etc., or use ceterms:identifier so that the identification schema can be named.
Collection Type
Type of collection, list, array, or other grouping of resources; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Common Conditions
Set constraints, prerequisites, entry conditions, or requirements that are shared across an organization, organizational subdivision, set of credentials, or category of entities and activities.
Common Costs
Set of costs maintained at an organizational or sub-organizational level, which apply to this credential, assessment, or learning opportunity.
Comparator
Type of symbol that denotes an operator in a constraint expression such as "GTEQ" (greater than or equal to), "EQ" (equal to), "LT" (less than); select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Compares
Framework that contains terms that are compared in this AlignmentMap.
Frameworks may be Concept Schemes, Progression Models, and other educational frameworks.
Complaint Process
Description of a process for handling complaints about a resource or related resources.
Component Category
Identifies the type of PathwayComponent subclass not explicitly covered in the current array of PathwayComponent subclasses.
Component Designation
Label identifying the category to further distinguish one component from another as designated by the promulgating body.
Examples may include "Required", "Core", "General Education", "Elective", etc.
Condition
Single constraint, prerequisite, entry condition, requirement, or cost.
Condition Excludes
Resource that does not count toward fulfilling a constraint, prerequisite, entry condition, or requirement.
Intended for cases where it is simplest to express exceptions to a general requirement, for example when a requirement is met by any Math course except "Access Math".
Condition Manifest Of
Organization maintaining the condition manifest.
Contact Type
Text identifying the type of service provided by an organizational contact.
A person or organization may have different contact points for different services. The contact type property provides for adding text to identity the service; e.g., "toll-free number" or "support for hearing-impaired callers".
Content Description
Description of the topics, concepts, theories, and practices addressed by a learning opportunity, program, course or assessment.
Co-Prerequisite
Resource that must be completed prior to, or pursued at the same time as, this resource.
Copyright Holder
Person or organization holding the rights in copyright to this resource.
Corequisite
Resources that must be pursued concurrently.
Includes dual (double) degrees that cannot be earned independently of each other.
Cost Details
Webpage or online document containing human-readable, in-depth information about costs.
Cost Manifest Of
Organization maintaining the cost manifest.
Credential Identifier
Globally unique identifier by which the creator, owner or provider of a credential recognizes that credential in transactions with the external environment (e.g., in verifiable claims involving the credential).
The identifier may take the form of a URN, UUID, ARK, DOI, INFO or any other publicly recognized, globally unique identifier scheme.
Best practice for descriptions intended for the Credential Engine Registry is to use the ceterms:ctid property for this purpose; ceterms:ctid is declared as a subproperty of ceterms:credentialId.
Indicates a past or potential credentialing action in which the resource being described plays an 'object' role.
Credential Status Type
Type of official status of the credential; select from an enumeration of such types.
Best practice for developing credential descriptions for the Credential Engine Registry is to use the ceterms:CredentialStatus vocabulary.
Indicates the specific type of credential or qualification of this resource.
Use to identify a more specific type than is provided using the rdf:type (JSON-LD "@type") property. For example, resources with type CredentialComponent may identify a specific subclass of ceterms:Credential; resources typed as a subclass of ceterms:Credential may identify a specific instance of ceterms:CredentialType.
Credit Level Type
The level of credit associated with the credit awarded or required.
Credit Unit Type
The type of credit associated with the credit awarded or required.
Credit Unit Type Description
Detailed description of credit unit type.
Credit Value
A credit-related value.
CTID
Globally unique Credential Transparency Identifier (CTID) by which the creator, owner or provider of a resource recognizes it in transactions with the external environment (e.g., in verifiable claims involving the resource).
The CTID is the equivalent of a version identifier for the resource. Different versions of a resource are considered distinct expressions and each must be assigned its own CTID. Each version of a resource can have only one CTID assigned. However, a single version of a resource may have distinct identifier values for both the ctid property and the credentialId property. In such a case both identifiers will be recognized by the resource creator/owner/provider in transactions with the external environment.
Currency
Currency in which the monetary amount is expressed in 3-letter ISO 4217 format such as "USD".
Date Effective
Date after which this resource is available or applicable.
Values should be a full date, i.e. year, month and day; if the day or month are not known use ceterms:approximateDateEffective instead.
Date Signed
Date on which the document being described was signed.
Degree Concentration
Focused plan of study within a college or university degree such as a concentration in Aerospace Engineering within an Engineering degree.
Where possible, values should be taken from published frameworks defining degree majors, minors, and concentrations such as the U.S. National Center for Education Statistics' (NCES) Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP).
Degree Major
Primary field of study of a degree-seeking student.
Degree Minor
Optional, secondary field of study of a degree-seeking student.
Delivery Type
Type of means by which a learning opportunity or assessment is delivered to credential seekers and by which they interact; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Best practice is to use concepts from a controlled vocabulary such as the ceterms:DeliveryType vocabulary.
Delivery Type Description
Detailed description of the delivery type of an assessment or learning opportunity.
Demographic Information
Aggregate data or summaries of statistical data relating to the population of credential holders including data about gender, geopolitical regions, age, education levels, and other categories of interest.
Department
Department of the organization.
Description
Statement, characterization or account of the entity.
Development Process
Description of a process by which a resource was created.
Direct Cost Type
Types of direct costs associated with earning or completing a credential, assessment or learning opportunity; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Best practice for developing credential descriptions for the Credential Engine Registry is to use the ceterms:CostType vocabulary.
DUNS
Dun & Bradstreet DUNS number for identifying an organization or business person.
Earnings
Entity describing aggregate credential holder earnings data.
The use of ceterms:aggregateData instead of this property is strongly recommended.
Email
Email address of the organization or person.
Employee
Person employed for wages or salary by the organization.
Employment Outcome
Entity describing aggregate data on jobs obtained with the credential by occupation and industry for a given period of time in a specific region.
End Date
Date some event or activity ends.
Values should be a full date, i.e. year, month and day; if the day or month are not known use ceterms:approximateEndDate instead.
End Time
Time some event or activity ends.
Entry Condition
Requirements for entry into a credentialing program, a learning opportunity, or an assessment, including credentials, transcripts, records of previous experience, or other forms of entry documentation.
For Courses required to be taken before entry into another Course, use prerequisite.
Environmental Hazard Type
Type of condition in the physical work performance environment that entails risk exposures requiring mitigating processes; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Such types may include exposure to bloodborne pathogens, airborne communicable diseases and dangerous chemicals, battlefield conditions, fire fighting, law enforcement, and so on.
Estimated Cost
Estimated cost of a credential, learning opportunity or assessment.
Estimated Duration
Estimated time it will take to complete an activity, event, or resource.
Evaluation Evidence
Summary of evidence about this resource.
Evaluation Process
Description of a process used to appraise this resource.
Evidence of Action
Entity that proves that the action occurred or that the action continues to be valid.
The evidence verifies the information in the action and is particular to it. It is not a collection relating to several unrelated actions or a description of how such verifications might generically be characterized. It may comprise more than one evidentiary entity relating to the same action.
Exact Alignment
Relevant concepts in two entities being compared are coextensive.
Exact Duration
Overall span of time it will take to complete the activity, event, or resource.
This is intended to indicate overall time span, regardless of what portion of that time is spent actively pursuing the completion of the activity, event, or resource.
If a resource takes 50 hours over a span of 6 months to complete, use this to record 6 months as P6M.
Experience
Amount and nature of required work, experiential learning or other relevant experience.
Expiration Date
Date beyond which the resource is no longer offered or available.
Previously earned, completed, or attained resources may still be valid even if they are no longer offered.
Values should be a full date, i.e. year, month and day; if the day or month are not known use ceterms:approximateStartDate instead.
External Input Type
Types of external stakeholders that provide input to an entity's processes or resources; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Best practice for developing credential descriptions for the Credential Engine Registry is to use the ceterms:ExternalInput vocabulary.
External Research
Research that supports or validates one or more aspects of the entity.
Faceted Description
Description of a specific aspect or characteristic of this resource.
Use for the level descriptors of a Qualifications Framework when these are defined in terms of several different types of competency.
Family Name
Family name such as the last name of a person in the U.S..
The ceterms:familyName property can be used along with givenName instead of the ceterms:name property.
Fax Number
Fax number.
FEIN
Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN) identifying organizations, persons, states, government agencies, corporations, and companies.
Financial Assistance
Entity that describes financial assistance for which this resource qualifies.
The type of resource that the financial aid is associated with is dependent on context.
Financial Assistance For Type
Type of use for which financial assistance is applicable.
Financial Assistance Type
Type of financial assistance; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Financial Assistance Value
Description of the amount of financial assistance available.
Founding Date
Date the organization was founded.
Framework URL
Credential framework to which the entity is aligned.
Frameworks may include, but are not limited to, competency frameworks and concept schemes such as industry, occupation, and instructional program codes.
Framework Name
Name of the framework.
Geographic URI
Entity that describes the longitude, latitude and other location details of a place.
This may define a place at any scale. Examples include a city, state, province, country, or continent.
It is recommended to use services such as http://www.geonames.org to provide values for this property.
Given Name
First name of a person.
Family name can be used along with familyName instead of the name property.
Global Jurisdiction
Whether or not the credential is useful, applicable or recognized everywhere.
Exceptions indicated by the ceterms:jurisdictionException property apply.
Has Alignment Map
Alignment map owned by the agent.
Has Catalog
An inventory or listing of resources maintained by this Organization
Has Condition
Resource referenced defines a condition by which this resource is satisfied in full or in part.
Has Condition Manifest
Entity that describes a set of constraints, prerequisites, entry conditions, or requirements applicable across the organization, sub-organization or sets of credentials or acitivites.
Has Constraint
Referenced resource defines a single constraint.
Has Cost Manifest
Entity that describes a set of cost data applicable across the organization, sub-organization or sets of credentials or acitivites.
Has Destination Component
Goal or destination node of the pathway.
Has Facet Scheme
Concept Scheme used to characterize different aspects (facets) of descriptors of nodes in a framework or similar resource.
Has Glossary
Terms and definitions applicable to the resource.
Has Group Evaluation
Whether or not the assessment activity is scored as a group.
Has Group Participation
Whether or not two or more participants are required to complete the assessment activity.
Has Industry
Industry related to this resource.
Has Job
Job related to this resource.
Has Member
Resource in a Collection.
Has Occupation
Occupation related to this resource.
Has Offering
Indicates an offering and typical schedule.
Only use this property when it is necessary and useful to provide data about specific offerings of a learning opportunity or assessment, such as particular combinations of schedule, location, and delivery.
Has Part
Indicates a separately identifiable and independently useful component of the entity.
Such partitive components can frequently be used in more than one context.
Has Pathway
A pathway related to this resource.
Has Proxy
Indicates a resource that acts as a stand-in for the resource.
Has Regulatory Information
Information about this resource that is provided in order to comply with a regulation or legal requirement.
Has Rubric
Rubric related to this resource.
Has Specialization
More specialized profession, trade, career field, or industry that is encompassed by the one being described.
Has Specific Service
Support Service that is part of this Support Service.
Has Statement
Alignment assertion belonging to the alignment map.
Has Structured Statement
Indicates contextualized data that reproduces or links to text such as part of a document or information about some aspect of a resource.
Do not use this property if a simple text property such as ceterms:description is adequate.
Has Sub-framework scheme
Indicates a Concept Scheme used to differentiate parts of a framework or related resources that are considered to be somewhat independent.
Examples include differentiating those progression levels or credential types that are relevant to different sectors, such as General Education, Higher Education and Technical / Vocational Education and Training.
Has Support Service
Reference to a relevant support service.
Has Task
Task related to this resource.
Has Transfer Value Profile
Description of transfer value that is part of this resource.
Has Verification Service
Entity describing available systems provided by the agent to verify credential holders.
Systems in place to verify credential holders and communicate the current credentialing status of all credential holders to employers and other labor market participants, as well as to education and workforce development funders and regulators.
Has Workforce Demand
Indicates the level of demand for a resource via a demand level action.
Has Work Role
Work Role related to this resource.
High Earnings
Upper interquartile earnings.
Holder Must Authorize
Whether or not the credential holder must authorize the organization to provide the verification service.
Holders
Entity describing the number and characteristics of credentialed individuals and their geographic location.
Honorific Suffix
Honorific suffix preceding a person's name such as M.D. , PhD, or MSCSW.
Identifier
Alphanumeric token that identifies this resource and information about the token's originating context or scheme.
Where a specific property for the originating context or scheme exists, such as ceterms:opeID, ceterms:ncesID, ceterms:leiCode, etc., use that property instead of this one. Where the identifier has no nameable originating context or scheme other than that of the resource being identified, ceterms:codedNotation may be used.
Identifier Type
Framework, scheme, type, or other organizing principle of this identifier.
Identifier Type Name
Formal name or acronym of the framework, scheme, type, or other organizing principle of this identifier, such as ISBN or ISSN.
Identifier Value Code
Alphanumeric string identifier of the entity.
Image
Image, icon or logo that represents the entity including registered trade or service marks.
In Alignment Map
Alignment map to which the statement belongs.
In Catalog
An inventory or listing of resources that includes this resource.
In Demand Action
Assertion by an agent that this resource has a specific workforce demand level.
Indicative Credential Type
Category or class of credential that is typical for a level in a qualifications framework or similar progression model.
Industry Type
Type of industry; select from an existing enumeration of such types such as the SIC, NAICS, and ISIC classifications.
Best practice in identifying industries for U.S. resources is to provide the NAICS code using the ceterms:naics property. Other resources may use the ceterms:industrytype property and any framework of the class ceterms:IndustryClassification.
In Language
The primary language or languages of the entity, even if it makes use of other languages.
A course offered in English to teach Spanish would have an inLanguage of English, while a credential in Quebec could have an inLanguage of both French and English.
In Qualifications Framework
Indicates a Qualifications Framework that uses this resource.
Instructional Program Type
Type of instructional program; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
For U.S. credentials, best practice is to use a framework such as the CIP (Classification of Instructional Programs). Other credentials may use any framework of the class CTDL InstructionalProgramClassification.
Instrument
Resource used to carry out an action or process.
May be a credential or rubric whose criteria were applied in executing the action or process; may be a data set profile that provided measurements of relevant metrics.
Intermediary For
Resource for which this resource is an intermediary.
IPEDS ID
Unique six digit identifier assigned to all U.S. institutions that have submitted data to the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS).
Is Advanced Standing For
This resource reduces the time or cost required to earn or complete the referenced resource.
A third-party credential agent claiming that its credential provides advanced standing for the credential of another credential agent should consider using ceterms:recommendedFor instead of ceterms:advancedStandingFor in the absence of an explicit and verifiable agreement on advanced standing between the agents of the two credentials.
Is Destination Component Of
Pathway for which this resource is the goal or destination.
Is Evaluation Of
The resource that was evaluated.
ISIC Revision 4 Code
The International Standard of Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 4 code for a particular organization, business person, or place.
Is Member Of
Collection to which this resource belongs.
Is Non-Credit
Resource carries or confers no official academic credit according to the provider of the resource.
Is Part Of
Indicates another entity of which this entity is a component.
Covers partitive notions such as "embedded".
Is Preparation For
This resource provides preparation for the resource being referenced.
Is Proctored
Whether or not the assessment is supervised or monitored by an agent.
Such supervision or proctoring includes: (1) guaranteeing of the identities of the examinees; (2) the conditions of the examination including instructions, time, materials, equipment and completion, and (3) completed without unauthorized assistance.
Is Recommended For
It is recommended to earn or complete this resource before attempting to earn or complete the referenced resource.
Is Registered Apprenticeship
The resource is registered with a governmental agency or other authorized organization because it has been vetted, approved and validated to meet specific criteria.
Is Required For
This resource must be earned or completed prior to attempting to earn or complete the referenced resource.
Is Similar To
Another functionally similar entity.
The property is generally applicable in describing the similarity between any two entities.
Is Specialization Of
Less specialized profession, trade, career field or industry that encompasses the one being described.
Is Specific Service Of
Support Service that is this Support Service is part of.
Job Level Type
Type of level or grade indicating a point in a job or role progression, such as seniority or responsibility; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Jobs Obtained
Number of jobs obtained in the region during a given timeframe.
Jurisdiction
Geographic or political region in which the resource is formally applicable or an organization has authority to act.
Jurisdiction Exception
Geographic or political region in which the credential is not formally recognized or an organization has no authority to act .
The ceterms:jurisdictionalException property is used in conjunction with the ceterms:jurisdiction property and expresses any exceptions to a more general statement; e.g., the United states except for Colorado.
Keyword
Keyword or key phrase describing relevant aspects of an entity.
Use the keyword property to enter free text keywords. A subject concept in a controlled vocabulary should use the subject property.
Latest Version
Latest version of the resource.
Latitude
Latitude of a location.
For example 37.42242 (WGS 84)
Learning Delivery Description
Detailed description of the mode of delivery for the learning opportunity for the credential.
Learning Delivery Type
Delivery type for the learning opportunity for the credential.
Indicates the delivery type for the learning opportunity for the credential.
Learning Method Description
Description of the methods used to conduct learning.
Learning Method Type
Types of methods used to conduct the learning opportunity; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Best practice is to use concepts from a controlled vocabulary such as the ceterms:LearningMethod.
Learning Recognition Evidence Type
Type of prior learning evidence accepted for evaluation under the policy; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Learning Recognition Method Type
Type of method used to evaluate and recognize prior learning; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Learning Recognition Outcome Type
Type of outcome governed or permitted by the policy; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Learning Recognition Source Type
Type of context from which prior learning may be recognized; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Left Action
Action performed on the left source; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Left Source
Left hand parameter of a constraint.
Legal Name
Name of the organization as formally registered with a governmental or other legal authority.
An officially registered company name would be a legal name and may differ from the commonly used name that may be entered for ceterms:name.
If the legal name is different from the data provided for ceterms:name then the legal name must be provided using this property.
Legal Entity Identifier Code
A 20-digit, alpha-numeric code, based on the ISO 17442 standard, for identifying legal entities participating in financial transactions.
Life Cycle Status Type
Type of state of the resource in terms of its stage in a life cycle; select from an enumeration of such types.
Logical Operator
Type that denotes a logical operation such as "And", "Or", "OnlyOne"; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Only a single instance of logicalOperator is allowed defining operations on two or more nested ComponentCondition entities, Constraint entities, or a mix of ComponentCondition and Constraint entities.
Longitude
The longitude of a location.
For example -122.08585 (WGS 84).
Low Earnings
Lower interquartile earnings.
Main Jurisdiction
Primary geographic or political region in which the credential is recognized as applicable or in which an organization has recognized authority to act.
Maintenance Process
Description of a process by which a resource is maintained, including review and updating.
Such maintenance does not include renewal of a credential by an individual holder.
Major Alignment
Major overlap of relevant concepts between the two resources being compared.
Maximum Duration
Maximum overall span of time it will take to complete the activity, event, or resource.
If a resource takes 50 hours over a span of 3-9 months to complete, use this to record 9 months as P9M. Do not use ceterms:maximumDuration to identify the renewal frequency of a credential; use ceterms:renewalFrequency instead.
Median earnings
Median earnings.
Membership Condition
Conditions and requirements to be included as a member.
Minimum Age
Minimum allowed age at which a person is eligible.
Minimum Duration
Minimum overall span of time it will take to complete the activity, event, or resource.
If a resource takes 50 hours over a span of 3-9 months to complete, use this to record 3 months as P3M.
Minor Alignment
Minor overlap of relevant concepts between the two credentials being compared.
Mission and Goals Statement
Webpage or online document that defines or explains the mission and goals of the organization.
Mission and Goals Statement Description
Textual statement of the mission and goals of the organization.
NAICS
North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code of an organization or business person.
Name
Name or title of the resource.
Narrow Alignment
Credential covers all of the relevant concepts in another credential as well as relevant concepts not found in the other credential.
NCES ID
Identifier comprised of a 12 digit code issued by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) for educational institutions where the first 7 digits are the NCES District ID.
Next Version
Version of the resource that immediately follows this version.
Number Awarded
Number of credentials awarded.
Object
Object upon which the action is carried out, whose state is kept intact or changed.
Object of Action
Action carried out upon this resource.
Occupation Type
Type of occupation; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
For U.S. resources, best practice is to identify an occupation using a framework such as the ONet. Other resources may use any framework of the class ceterms:OccupationClassification, such as the EU's ESCO, ISCO-08, and SOC 2010.
Offered By
Agent that offers the resource.
Offered In
Region or political jurisdiction such as a state, province or locale where the credential, learning resource or assessment is offered.
Offer Frequency Type
Type of frequency at which a resource is offered; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
This relates to how often something starts.
For information relating to the frequency of events associated with a resource when it is running, use ceterms:scheduleFrequencyType.
Offers
Resource offered or conferred by the organization or person.
Offers Financial Assistance
Description of financial assistance offered by this organization.
OPE ID
OPE ID number (U.S. Office of Postsecondary Education Identification), sometimes referred to as the Federal School Code.
Identification number used by the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Postsecondary Education (OPE) to identify schools that have Program Participation Agreements (PPA) so that its students are eligible to participate in Federal Student Financial Assistance (FAFSA) programs under Title IV regulations. This is a 6-digit number followed by a 2-digit suffix used to identify branches, additional locations, and other entities that are part of the eligible institution.
Owned By
Agent with an enforceable claim or legal title to the resource.
Agent includes credentialing organizations, quality assurance organizations and persons. It does not not include credential holders.
Owns
Resource over which the organization or person claims legal title.
Parent Organization
Larger organization exercising authority over the organization being described.
Participant
Co-agents that participated in the action indirectly.
Pay Band Type
Type of pay band indicating a range or classification of monetary compensation associated with work; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Payment Pattern
Applicable pattern for payments such as "per semester" and "every three months".
Payment Pattern Type
Type of pattern for payments, indicating how often a payment is made; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Common examples indicate that a worker is paid weekly, monthly, on demand.
Performance Level Type
Type of required or expected human performance level; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Physical Capability Type
Type of physical activity required or expected in performance; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Such types may include fine motor activity, repetitive actions, climbing, kneeling, crawling, lifting heavy objects, and so on.
Point Value
Points associated with this resource, or points possible.
Postal Code
The postal code. For example, 94043.
Post Office Box Number
Post office box number for post office addresses.
Post Receipt Months
Number of months after earning a credential when employment and earnings data is collected.
Number of months usually range between 3 months (one quarter) to ten years.
Preceded By
Resource that logically comes before this resource.
Precedes
Resource that logically comes after this resource.
The ceterms:precedes property indicates a simple or suggested ordering of resources.
Preparation From
Indicates a resource that is useful in preparing for the resource being described.
Prerequisite
Course that is required as a prior condition to this course.
Conditions of entry into Programs can be specified with entryCondition; requirements for Courses other than prerequisite Courses (e.g., Competencies) can be specified with requires.
Previous Version
Version of the resource that immediately precedes this version.
Price
Offer price of a credential, learning resource, assessment, related activity or resource.
Process Frequency
Interval of process occurence.
Processing Agent
Organization or person performing the process.
Process Method
Webpage or online document that describes the process methods.
Process Method Description
Textual description of the process methods.
Process Standards
Webpage or online document that describes the criteria, standards, and/or requirements used with a process.
Process Standards Description
Textual description of the criteria, standards, and/or requirements used with a process.
Program Term
Categorization of a term sequence based on the normative time between entry into a program of study and its completion such as "1st quarter", "2nd quarter"..."5th quarter".
Provides Transfer Value For
This resource provides transfer value for the referenced Transfer Value Profile.
Refer to the referenced Transfer Value Profile for more information. Other resources may be included for the full value.
Proxy For
Indicates the resource for which a pathway component or similar proxy resource is a stand-in.
The subject for this property will be acting as proxy in a context such as a pathway for the resource that is its object, so that assertions can be made about relationships between things in that context that are not universally true of the resources for which they are proxies.
Proxy For Items
Indicates the multiple resources for which a MultiComponent proxy resource is a stand-in.
The subject for this property will be acting as proxy in a context such as a pathway for the resources that are its objects, so that assertions can be made about relationships between things in that context that are not universally true of the resources for which they are proxies.
Quality Assurance Target Type
Types of entities that the agent accredits, endorses, approves, or recognizes; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Receives Transfer Value From
This resource receives transfer value from the referenced Transfer Value Profile.
Receiving Department
Department (or other subdivision of an organization) to which students transfer under the provisions of an agreement.
Receiving Organization
Organization to which students transfer under the provisions of an agreement.
Receiving Program
Program to which students transfer under the provisions of an agreement.
Recognized By
Agent that acknowledges the validity of the resource.
Recognized For Industry
Industry for which this resource is acknowledged to be valid.
Recognized In
Region or political jurisdiction such as a state, province or locale in which the resource has been publicly recommended, acknowledged or endorsed..
Recognized Offerers
Organizations that have permission to offer credentials of a specific CredentialType.
The value of this property should be a ceterms:Collection of ceterms:CredentialOrganizations (or similar).
Recognizes
Resource that the agent recommends, endorses, indicates preference for, or otherwise provides a positive judgment.
The agent being described may or may not use a set of formal recognition criteria.
Recommends
Indicates a resource that it is advisable to earn or complete before attempting the resource being described.
Region
Entity that describes the longitude, latitude and other location details of an area.
Registered By
Agent with which the resource is registered because it has been vetted, approved and validated to meet specific criteria.
Regulated By
Organization that enforces the legal requirements related to the resource being described.
Regulated In
Region or political jurisdiction such as a state, province or locale in which the credential, learning opportunity or resource is regulated.
Regulates
Resource that this organization monitors, including enforcement of applicable legal requirements or standards.
Regulation of organizations includes authorization to act or operate.
Regulation Type
Indicates the regulation or other legal requirement for which this data is provided.
The value of this property will normally be a URI for a Concept that identifies the regulation.
Regulatory Information For
Resource that this regulatory information is about.
Related Action
Action related to the resource.
Relevant Policy
Policy that is important in some way to this resource.
Renewal
Entity describing the constraints, prerequisites, entry conditions, or requirements necessary to maintenance and renewal of an awarded credential.
Generally, renewal applies to certifications and licenses; however, it may occasionally apply to other types of credentials.
Renewal Frequency
Frequency with which the credential needs to be renewed.
Renewed By
Agent that handles the renewal of the credential.
Renewed In
Region or political jurisdiction such as a state, province or locale in which the credential is renewable.
Renews
Credential type that has its validity extended by the organization or person.
The value of ceterms:renews should be one of the specific subclasses of ceterms:Credential.
Required Constraints
Number of hasConstraint objects that must be fulfilled in order to satisfy the ComponentCondition.
Required Number
Number of targetComponent or hasCondition objects that must be fulfilled in order to satisfy the ComponentCondition.
Requires
Requirement or set of requirements for this resource.
Consider using the more specific subproperties of requires such as prerequisite, coPrerequisite, entryCondition, and corequisite, where appropriate.
Residency Type
Type of legal residency status of a person; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Residency defines the duration of stay required by national, state, provincial or local laws that entitles a person to the legal protection and benefits provided to the applicable type.
Best practice for U.S. credentials and for submission to the Credential Engine Registry, is to use concepts from the ceterms:Residency vocabulary.
Resident Of
Geographic or political region of which a person must be a legal resident or citizen in order to be eligible for the credential.
Result
Outcome produced in the action.
Resulting Award
Awarded credential resulting from an action.
An awarded credential is of the type ceterms:CredentialAssertion.
Results In Credential
Credential awarded as the result of successful completion of the resource being described.
Use when completion of the resource being described is the only requirement for the award of the Credential; otherwise use one of ceterms:isPreparationFor, ceterms:isRecommendedFor, ceterms:isRequiredFor.
Review Process
Description of a process by which a resource is reviewed.
Revocation
Entity that describes the processes and criteria for ending (revoking) the validity or operation of an awarded credential.
Generally, revocation applies to certifications and licenses; however, it may also apply to other types of credential under extraordinary circumstances.
Revocation Criteria
Webpage or online document that provides information about the removal criteria for an awarded credential.
Textual description providing information about the removal criteria for an awarded credential.
Revocation Process
Entity describing the process by which the credential is revoked.
Revoked By
Agent that handles revocation of an awarded credential due to violations or failure to renew.
Revoked In
Region or political jurisdiction such as a state, province or locale in which the credential can be revoked.
Revokes
Credential type that can be invalidated or retracted by the awarding agent.
The value of ceterms:revokes should be one of the specific subclasses of ceterms:Credential.
Right Action
Action performed on the right source; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Right Source
Right hand parameter of a constraint.
Same As
Another source of information about the entity being described.
Other sources may include descriptions of entities in open databases such as DBpedia, Wikidata, the Credential Engine Registry, or other platforms.
SCED
School Courses for the Exchange of Data code for a course.
It is preferable to record the whole 12 character alphanumeric code, however it is also valid to record just the five digit subject code + course number.
Schedule Frequency Type
Type of frequency indicating the cadence at which events associated with a resource typically occur; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
This relates to the frequency of events associated with a resource once it is running.
For information relating to how often something starts, use ceterms:offerFrequencyType.
Schedule Timing Type
Type of time at which events typically occur; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Scoring Method Description
Textual description of the method used to score the assessment.
Scoring Method Example
Webpage or online document providing an example of the method or tool used to score the assessment.
Scoring Method Example Description
Textual example of the method or tool used to score the assessment.
Scoring Method Type
Type of method used to score the assessment; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Best practice for U.S. credentials and for submission to the Credential Engine Registry, is to use concepts from the ceterms:ScoringMethod vocabulary.
Sending Department
Department (or other subdivision of an organization) from which students transfer under the provisions of an agreement.
Sending Organization
Organization from which students transfer under the provisions of an agreement.
Sending Program
Program from which students transfer under the provisions of an agreement.
Sensory Capability Type
Type of required or expected sensory capability; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Such types may include smell, color discrimination, depth perception, and so on.
Service Type
Type of service offered by the agent being described; select from an existing enumeration of such terms.
Recommended best practice for credentials in the Credential Engine Registry is to use concepts from the ceterms:AgentServiceType vocabulary.
Social Media
Social media access point for an agent or an agent's contact point.
Source URL
Authoritative source of an entity's information.
Citation or description of an authoritative source from which information or description has been derived.
Source Data
Structured data representing the resource.
The preferred data serialization is JSON-LD or some other serialization of RDF.
Source Node
Individual entry in a formally defined framework that is the source of an alignment.
This is the node to which the target node is being compared. It is the subject of the property used as the alignment type.
"Framework" may be interpreted broadly to include any scheme or schema for organizing and referencing resources.
Source Node Description
Textual description of an individual entry in a formally defined framework that is the source of an alignment.
This relates to the node to which the target node is being compared, that is the subject of the property used as the alignment type.
Source Node Name
Name of an individual entry in a formally defined framework that is the source of an alignment.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial coverage of an entity indicates the place(s) to which its content applies or in which it occurs.
In the CTDL, the ceterms:spatialCoverage property serves as a super-property for an array of sub-properties defining location-dependent or area-dependent aspects of a resource.
Specialist Subject
Primary academic discipline or professional career path.
May be useful for describing credentials, assessments and learning opportunities that cover a general field but with a focus on a specific skill set, for example an apprenticeship in electrical engineering specializing in High Voltage applications. For degree credentials there are also properties for degree major, minor and concentration.
Normally there will be only one specialist subject; to indicate the general topicality of a resource use ceterms:subject.
Start Date
Date the validity or usefulness of the information in this resource begins.
Start Time
Start time of an event or activity.
Statement Text
Verbatim unformatted text of a statement, typically one made in a larger document.
Use ceterms:description if the data provided is a summary of the content, e.g. when linking to the statement.
Statement Type
Indicates the topic or nature of the statement within the context of the document being represented.
Best practice is to draw from an existing concept scheme such as ceterms:StatementCategory, which may be supplemented by more precise terms from a locally defined concept scheme if required.
Street Address
Street address. e.g. "1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy".
Subclass Of
Indicates a broader type or class than the one being described.
Similar to rdfs:subClassOf, this property means that all examples of the type of resource being described are also instances of the class indicated, however it does not imply that the subject is an rdfs:Class.
Used in CTDL to indicate the Credential Class (i.e. subclass of ceterms:Credential) that encompasses this type of credential.
Subject
Words or brief phrases describing the topicality of the entity; select subject terms from an existing enumeration of such terms.
Use the subject property to reference a concept in a controlled vocabulary. Free text subjects should use the keyword property.
Subject Webpage
Webpage that describes this entity.
The web page being referenced describes the entity. The value of subjectWebpage is an authoritative location for information about the subject but should not be assumed to be a persistent identifier of the subject.
Submission Of
Artifact to be submitted such as a transcript, portfolio, or an affidavit.
Submission Of Description
Name, label, or description of an artifact to be submitted such as a transcript, portfolio, or an affidavit.
Sub-Organization
Organization in a subordinate or lower position than a parent organization.
Sub-region
An administrative subdivision within a country that is intermediate between a region and a locality.
This may be referred to as a county in the United States, a département in France, a district in India, a raion in Russia, a municipio in Mexico, or equivalent terms in other jurisdictions.
Superseded By
Resource that replaces this resource.
For example, a credential that outright replaces the credential being described, and is not simply a newer version of the same credential (the two credentials have different CTIDs).
Supersedes
Resource that this resource replaces.
For example, the credential that is outright replaced by the credential being described, and is not simply an older version of the same credential (the two credentials have different CTIDs).
Support Service Condition
Requirements to qualify for a support service.
Support Service For
Resource to which this support service is applicable.
Support Service Statement
Webpage or online document that defines or explains the nature of support services offered by the organization.
Support Service Statement Description
Description of the nature of support services offered by the organization.
Support Service Type
Types of support services offered by an agent; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Target Assessment
Assessment that provides direct, indirect, formative or summative evaluation or estimation of the nature, ability, or quality for an entity.
Target Competency
A competency relevant to the resource being described.
Target Competency Framework
Competency framework relevant to the process being described.
Target Competency Of
Resource that targets this Competency for a particular purpose.
Target Component
Candidate PathwayComponent for the ComponentCondition.
Target Contact Point
Options for contacting the organization or person.
Target Credential
Credential that is a focus or target of the condition, process or verification service.
Target Job
Job that is the focus or target of this resource.
Target Learning Opportunity
Learning opportunity that is the focus of a condition, process or another learning opportunity.
Target Learning Resource
Learning object or resource that is used as part of a learning activity.
Examples include a textbook or lesson plan that describes or records the educational activity (e.g. an audio- or video-recording of a lesson).
Target Metric
Metric used to assess whether a condition has been met.
Target Node
Individual entry in a formally defined framework that is the target of an alignment.
The target node returned must be the exact competency or concept being described and no other competency or concept. References to data or a document that returns all of the competencies or concepts in the framework to which the target node belongs should use the ceterms:framework property.
Target Description
Textual description of an individual entry in a formally defined framework that is the target of an alignment.
Target Node Name
Name of an individual entry in a formally defined framework that is the target of an alignment.
Target Occupation
Occupation that is the focus or target of this resource.
Target Pathway
Pathway in which this resource is a potential component.
Target Task
Task that is the focus or target of this resource.
Teaches
Competency that the learning opportunity is intended to teach.
Telephone
Telephone number.
Temporal Coverage
Indicates the time period to which the entity's content applies or during which it occurres.
In the CTDL, the ceterms:temporalCoverage property serves as a super-property for an array of sub-properties defining time-dependent aspects of a resource.
Time Required
Total engaged or participating time it will take to complete the activity, event, or resource.
This is intended to indicate only the sum of the individual amounts of time which are spent actively engaged in pursuing the completion of the activity, event, or resource, regardless of the overall time span required to complete it.
If a resource takes 50 hours over a span of 6 months to complete, use this to record 50 hours as PT50H.
Transfer Value
Value that may be transferred.
For example, this may be the credit value earned in one context that may be applied to another, but other forms of recognition of prior learning are also relevant.
Transfer Value For
Resource for which the described transfer value is applicable.
When this property references multiple resources, those resources should be treated as a set for which, collectively, the transfer value is applicable.
Transfer Value From
Resource from which the described transfer value originates.
When this property references multiple resources, those resources should be treated as a set from which, collectively, the transfer value originates.
Transfer Value Statement
Webpage or online document that defines or explains the nature of transfer value handled by the organization.
Transfer Value Statement Description
Description of the nature of transfer value handled by the organization.
Uses Verification Service
Reference to a service that is used to verify this Credential or type of credential.
Verification Directory
Directory of credential holders and their current statuses.
Verification Method Description
Textual description of the methods used to evaluate an assessment, learning opportunity, process or verificaiton service for validity or reliability.
Verification Service URL
Direct access to the verification service.
This property identifies machine-accessible services, such as API endpoints, that provide direct access to the verification service being described.
For general webpages describing the service, use the subjectWebpage property.
Verified Claim Type
Type of claim provided through a verification service; select from an existing enumeration of such types.
Best practice for developing credential descriptions for the Credential Engine Registry is to use the ceterms:ClaimType vocabulary.
Version Code
Alphanumeric identifier of the version of the resource that is unique within the organizational context of its owner and which does not need the context of other information in order to be interpreted.
Intended for simple string and/or numeric version codes or identifiers, such as "10" or "3B.1" or "2024 Release". For version identifiers that need to reference additional information, such as a type of version or framework for versioning, use versionIdentifier.
Version Identifier
Alphanumeric identifier of the version of the resource and information about the identifier's originating context or scheme.
Use versionCode for any local identifier of the version of the resource that come from the organizational context its owner and which do not need the context of other information in order to be interpreted.
Weight
Measurement of the weight, degree, percent, or strength of a recommendation, requirement, or comparison.
Best practice is to assign a decimal value weight between 0 and 1 that indicates the strength of the assertion, with 0 being weakest and 1 being strongest.
Work Pay
Monetary compensation associated with work.
Works For
Person's place of employment.
Years of Experience
Years of relevant experience.
Non-integer year values may be expressed as point value, for example, 0.25, 1.5, etc.
Links an individual to an individual; such an owl:sameAs statement indicates that two URI references actually refer to the same thing: the individuals have the same "identity".
Data Collection Method Type
Type of method by which the data was collected.
Data Provider
Credentialing organization or a third party providing the data.
Percentage
Quotient of two values of the data set, expressed as a percentage.
Best practice is to treat the value of this property as a verbatim percentage; for example, a value of 1.5 should be interpreted as 1.5%
Relevant Data Set
Data Set on which earnings or employment data is based.
A description of the item.
Maximum Value
The upper value of some characteristic or property.
In CTDL: for single values, use schema:value; for ranges, use schema:minValue and schema:maxValue.
Minimum Value
The lower value of some characteristic or property.
Subject Of
A CreativeWork or Event about this Thing.
Unit Text
A string or text indicating the unit of measurement.
Value
The value of the property value node.
Accommodation
Types of features, changes, modifications, or adjustments made to a facility, service, or resource to provide equal access and opportunity to people with diverse needs and preferences.
These accommodations can include existing physical features or modifications to the environment, alternative formats or modes of communication, flexible scheduling, and personal assistance services, among others.
Action Status
Types of current status of an action.
Available statuses include ActiveActionStatus, CompletedActionStatus, FailedActionStatus, PotentialActionStatus.
Agent Sector
Types of sociological, economic, or political subdivision of society.
Agent Service Type
Types of services offered by an agent.
Agreement Category
Concepts classifying formal mechanisms used to recognize or transfer learning across organizations or programs.
Alignment
Types of relationship that can be asserted as existing between nodes in frameworks.
Array Operation Category
Concepts describing an action to be taken on an array of values.
Used in CTDL for actions performed on arrays, lists or sets or values in order to obtain some other value.
Assessment Method
Types of assessment method.
Assessment Use
Types of Intended uses of an assessment.
Audience
Types of audiences for which the resource being described is applicable or available.
If the resource is applicable or available for any type of audience, do not select anything.
Audience Level
Types of levels in an academic or training progression expected of, or to be developed by, the typical person for the resource being described.
Claim Type
Types of the claims supported by a verification service.
Collection Category
Types of collection, list, or array that groups together other resources.
Comparator Category
Concepts for comparing two values.
Used in CTDL constraints as values of the ceterms:comparator property to make a comparison that should yield true or false. In all cases the left source of data is compared to the right source, sometimes the comparison is made after an action is applied, e.g. finding the mean of several numbers.
Cost Type
Entity that describes the types of costs related to earning or completing a credential, assessment, or learning opportunity.
Credential Status
Types of applicability statuses of a credential.
Credit Unit
Broad descriptions of units used to measure credit associated with a resource.
Types of technical form for providing instances of the entity.
External Input
Types of external stakeholders that provide input to the process.
Types of financial assistance typically available in the United States.
Learning Method
Types of methods used to conduct the learning opportunity.
Learning Recognition Evidence Category
Concepts describing types of evidence accepted for learning recognition evaluation.
Learning Recognition Method Category
Concepts describing methods used to evaluate and recognize learning.
Learning Recognition Outcome Category
Concepts describing outcomes of learning recognition.
Learning Recognition Source Category
Concepts describing formal, non-formal, or informal contexts from which learning may be recognized for applicability toward requirements.
Life Cycle Status
Types of states of a resource in terms of its stage in a life cycle.
Logical Operator Category
Logical operators applicable to two or more items.
Used in CTDL for types of logical operator for combining two or more nested ComponentCondition entities, Constraint entities, or a mix of ComponentCondition and Constraint entities.
Organization Type
Types of organization.
Residency
Types of residency.
Schedule Frequency
Types for how often events occur.
Schedule Timing
Types for when (in time) events occur.
Scoring Method
Types of applicable scoring.
Statement Category
Concepts used to classify the nature or purpose of structured statements.
If a more granular or precise classification is required for local purposes than is available in this concept scheme, best practice is to publish a description of it as a skos:Concept and to use it alongside the best match broader category in this scheme.
Support Service Category
Types of support services to help people succeed in their education and career goals.
Accessible Housing
Housing with features, modifications, or adjustments to ensure that individuals with disabilities can access and use the space on an equal basis with others.
Accessible Parking
A designated parking spot close to a building entrance, with adequate space to allow for accessible van or car parking, and with appropriate signage and markings.
Accessible Restroom
Accessible restrooms with grab bars, accessible toilets, and sinks at different heights.
Adjustable Lighting
Adjustable lighting levels and glare reduction.
Adjustable Workstations
Adjustable counters and workstations.
Alternative Formats
Alternative formats for print and display materials.
Examples include large print books or accessible PDFs.
Assistive Technology
Assistive technology and software to enable or improve access.
Audio Captioning
Displays for text corresponding to spoken words and audio cues.
Captioning and Transcripts
Captioning and/or transcripts for audio and video content.
Clear Signage
Clear and simple signage with high contrast and easy-to-read fonts.
Color Blindness
Accessibility feature or accommodation that is designed to address color vision deficiency or color blindness.
This service typically involves adjusting the colors used in visual materials, such as websites, videos, or other digital content, to make them more distinguishable.
Communication
Verbal or non-verbal communication assistance.
Examples include written communication, picture communication, or communication boards, telephone relay, assistive listening devices, Braille print, audio communication, or other accommodations.
Dietary Accommodation
Alternative meal options to suit dietary needs, restrictions, or preferences.
Facility Accommodation
Features, modifications or adjustments made to a physical space or facility to ensure that individuals with disabilities can access and use the space on an equal basis with others.
This can include existing features and modifications to the built environment, such as the installation of ramps, accessible restrooms, or wider doorways, as well as adjustments to lighting, signage, and other environmental factors.
Flexible Schedule
Accommodations made for the time frames to complete work or tasks.
Examples include adjustments to working hours, extended deadlines, assessment times, or other modifications to schedules.
Hearing Loops
Audio induction loops that transmit signals to hearing aids, cochlear implants or other listening devices.
Multiple Language
Provision of materials or communication in languages other than the primary language used.
Physical Accessibility
Accommodations to ensure entry and mobility throughout a facility.
Examples include ramps or lifts for wheelchair accessibility, elevators, automatic doors, and wider doorways to accommodate mobility devices.
Plain Language
Communication that is clear, concise, and easy to understand for all participants.
Examples include using everyday language, avoiding technical jargon, and providing relevant context to aid comprehension.
Resource and Service Accommodation
Accommodations that are designed to provide equal access to resources and services and are not related to physical facilities.
Screen Reader
Screen reader compatibility for digital materials.
Sensory
Accommodations for hypersensitivity or aversion to certain sounds, lights, textures, or smells.
This can include quiet rooms, and reduced lighting.
Service Animal
Service animal accommodations, including clear guidelines, policies, and facilities for allowing service and support animals.
Tactile Signage
Braille signage and tactile cues.
Active Action Status
Action that is ongoing.
Examples include: while watching the movie, or driving to a location
Completed Action Status
Action that has already taken place.
Failed Action Status
Action that failed to complete.
The action's error property and the HTTP return code contain more information about the failure.
Potential Action Status
Description of an action that is supported.
Private For-Profit
Sector that contains privately-owned organizations that operate for profit.
Private Not-For-Profit
Sector that contains privately-owned organizations that operate on a non-profit basis.
These include both independent not-for-profit schools and those affiliated with a religious organization.
Public
Sector that contains government and quasi-government organizations.
Articulation Agreement
A formal mechanism establishing course or program equivalencies for recognition and transfer of learning between organizations or programs.
Applicable only to Transfer Agreements.
Memorandum of Understanding
A formal mechanism expressing parties’ intent to collaborate or recognize learning, which may precede or accompany specific agreements.
Multiparty Agreement
An agreement with more than two parties.
Standing Transfer Arrangement
A formal mechanism applying standardized recognition rules across defined sets of courses or programs.
Broad Match
Assertion indicates that the referenced concept is broader in some way than this concept.
Close Match
Assertion indicates that two concepts are sufficiently similar that they can be used interchangeably.
Exact Match
Indicates semantic similarity denoting an even higher degree of closeness than skos:closeMatch.
Narrow Match
Assertion indicates that the referenced concept is narrower in some way than this concept.
No Match
Assertion indicating that there is no related concept in the target framework.
Related Match
Assertion indicating an associative, non-hierarchical relationship between the two concepts where neither is broader nor narrower than the other.
All Of
All of the values.
Any Of
Any (one or more) of the values.
Count Distinct
The number of unique values; yields a number.
Maximum
The highest of all the values.
Mean
The arithmetic mean of all the values.
Minimum
The lowest of all the values.
One Of
Any one (but no more) of the values.
Sum
The numeric total obtained by adding all the values.
Artifact
Work or product created or produced by the person being assessed.
Artifact includes, but is not limited to, an academic paper, video documentary, computer software, music composition, choreography, novel, short story, journal article, news article, report, lesson plan, product design, portfolio, manufactured product, etc. Methods of evaluation may include multiple evaluators either individually or as an expert panel using general criteria or more structured rubrics whose scores are combined, etc. Criteria and methods of evaluation are often very similar to those for assessing a performance, without the facets specific to a live performance
Exam
Mix of scored items presented in fixed or open response formats including qualifying and comprehensive exams.
Exam includes, but is not limited to, multiple choice, true-false, written essay, short-answer, fill-in or oral response formats that could include measurements of reasoning, problem-solving, critical thinking.
Performance
Set of behaviors or actions assessed as demonstration of competencies where the assessment occurs either as the actions take place (i.e., live) or through review of recordings of those actions in a persistent media (e.g., video, audio, keystroke records, etc.)
Performance includes, but is not limited to, dance, music, teaching, acting, medical procedures, truck driving, manufacturing production, etc. Criteria include the categories and benchmarks on which the performance is assessed. Methods of evaluation can include multiple evaluators either individually or as an expert panel using general criteria or more structured rubrics whose scores are combined (e.g., assessing a dance performance, evaluating the performance of a medical procedure, truck driving procedure, manufacturing process such as machining).
Portfolio Evaluation
Assessment method that evaluates a learner’s portfolio of evidence to determine knowledge, skills, or competencies.
Formative Assessment
Formal and informal assessment procedures conducted during the learning process to support intentional modification in teaching and learning activities in order to improve learner attainment.
Summative Assessment
Assessment of learning at the end of an instructional unit to determine whether some established standard or benchmark has been achieved.
Citizen
Person who is a legally recognized subject of a particular nation, state, province, or commonwealth.
Cultural/Ethnic Minority
Person who belongs to a cultural and/or ethnic minority group, relative to the surrounding population.
Currently Incarcerated
Person who is currently incarcerated.
Current Military
Current member of a nation's military.
Current Military Dependent
Dependent (usually a child) of a current member of a nation's military.
Current Military Spouse
Spouse of a current member of a nation's military.
Current Student
Student currently participating in a learning opportunity.
Displaced
Person who has been displaced from their home or community.
Formerly Incarcerated
Person who was formerly incarcerated.
Former Member
Former member of an organization, society, or recognized group.
Membership includes types of affiliation such as employment or other work relationships, enrollment at an educational institution etc.
Former Military / Veteran
Veteran of military service.
Former Military Dependent
Former dependent (usually a child) of a veteran of a nation's military.
Former Military Spouse
Spouse of a veteran of a nation's military.
Former Student / Alumni
Student who previously participated in a learning opportunity.
Full-Time
Participation in a learning opportunity to an extent that meets the opportunity's requirements for full-time status.
Future Member
Future member of an organization, society, or recognized group.
Future Student
Student who intends to participate in a learning opportunity.
Homemaker
Person who provides unpaid services to family members in the home.
Job Seeker
Person who is currently seeking work.
This includes new job seekers as well as those who already have work and are seeking other work.
Member
Current member of an organization, society, or recognized group.
Non-Citizen
Person who is not a legally recognized subject of a particular nation, state, province, or commonwealth.
Non-Member
Individual without membership status or privileges conferred by an organization, society, or recognized group.
Non-Resident
Person whose primary residence is not in nation, state, province, or commonwealth of concern.
Part-Time
Participation in a learning opportunity to an extent that meets the opportunity's requirements for part-time status.
Private Employee
Person employed in the private sector.
Public Employee
Person employed in the public sector.
Resident
Person whose permanent and principal home is in a particular nation, state, province, or commonwealth.
Unemployed
Person who is not employed.
Youth
Person roughly between the ages of 15 and 24.
Advanced Level
Intended for those with significant experience or expertise where developmental expectations are staged for assessing knowledge, skills, or competencies beyond the novice and intermediate levels.
Associates Degree Level
Intended for those completing college/university-level programs within their first one to two years (lower-division) of post-secondary education.
Aligns to ISCED 2011 level 5 – Short-cycle tertiary education.
Bachelors Degree Level
Intended for those completing college/university-level programs within approximately three to four years where course work and activities advance skills from a lower-division or generalist level to an upper-division level.
Aligns to ISCED 2011 level 6 – Bachelor’s or equivalent level.
Beginner Level
Intended for novices or those with limited experience.
Doctoral Degree Level
Intended for those who have completed Bachelors and Masters degrees or their equivalent and who will be required to complete either independent research or a significant project or paper.
Aligns to ISCED 2011 level 8 – Doctoral or equivalent level.
Early Childhood
Intended for children before the start of primary education.
Aligns to ISCED 2011 level 0 – Early childhood education.
Graduate Level
Intended for those who enrolled in a degree program or other formal program above the baccalaureate level, such as a masters or doctoral degree program.
Intermediate Level
Intended for those with some experience, where knowledge, skills, and competency expectations are staged for development beyond novice-level and in preparation for a more advanced-level.
An individual at this level has foundational competencies to function independently with occasional supervision.
Lower Division Level
Intended for those in the first half of an undergraduate level program.
Lower Secondary
Intended for those at the earlier stages of secondary education, building on primary education, typically with a more subject-oriented curriculum.
Aligns to ISCED 2011 level 2 – Lower secondary education.
Masters Degree Level
Intended for those who have completed a Bachelor's Degree or equivalent.
Aligns to ISCED 2011 level 7 – Master’s or equivalent level.
Post-Secondary Level
Intended for those who have completed secondary level school programs or equivalent.
Primary
Intended for those who are acquiring fundamental skills in reading, writing and mathematics and establishing a solid foundation for learning.
Aligns to ISCED 2011 level 1 – Primary education.
Professional Level
Intended for those attending professional programs or equivalent, such as law or medicine.
Other levels can typically be paired with Professional Level to refine a description of a level.
Remedial Level
Intended for those who are under-prepared for learning at a particular level.
Secondary School or Equivalent
Intended for those attending secondary (high-school) level programs.
Undergraduate Level
Intended for those who are enrolled in a degree program or other formal program at or below the baccalaureate, such as an associate’s degree, vocational, or technical program.
Upper Division Level
Intended for those in the second half of an undergraduate level program.
Upper Secondary
Intended for those at the later stages of secondary education, preparing for tertiary education or employment.
Aligns to ISCED 2011 level 3 – Upper secondary education.
Badge Claim
Verifiable visual representation that can be shared, embedded, linked, or otherwise used to publicly indicate that an individual has the represented credential.
Quality Assurance Claim
Verifiable representation of quality assurance.
Transcript Claim
Verifiable representation of postsecondary courses and degrees completed.
Verified Claim
Verifiable representation of the credential holder's achievement.
Competency
Aggregation of Competencies.
Use ceasn:CompetencyFramework for aggregations of competencies that are logically related.
Eligible Training Providers List
Training providers meeting the requirements stipulated in the U.S. Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act per the promulgating body.
This list includes the Learning Opportunities and Credentials offered by training providers that have met requirements.
GI Bill
Education and training programs qualifying for the U.S. GI Bill per the promulgating body.
High Skill
Occupations, Jobs, Work Roles, or Tasks meeting skill level criteria based on labor market data per the promulgating body.
High Wage
Occupations and Jobs meeting earnings threshold criteria based on labor market data per the promulgating body.
In Demand
Resources meeting workforce demand criteria based on labor market data per the promulgating body.
Industry Recognized
Learning Opportunities, Learning Programs, Courses, Assessments or Credentials recognized in one or more industries based on factors such as job market demand per the promulgating body.
Perkins
Credentials approved for funding under the U.S. Strengthening Career and Technical Education for the 21st Century Act (Perkins V) per the promulgating body.
Promise Scholarship
Specified programs in eligible postsecondary educational institutions for which qualified students may receive a Promise Scholarship.
Quality
Learning Opportunities, Learning Programs, Courses, Assessments or Credentials that meet criteria for quality as determined by the promulgating body.
State Approved Postsecondary Programs
Learning Opportunities, Learning Programs, Courses, Assessments or Credentials approved by a state agency to be offered within that state’s jurisdiction by postsecondary institutions.
Equal To
The value of the left is equal to the value of the right.
Greater Than
The value of the left is greater than the value of the right.
Greater Than or Equal To
The value of the left is greater than or equal to the value of the right.
Less Than
The value of the left is less than the value of the right.
Less Than or Equal To
The value of the left is less than or equal to the value of the right.
Not Equal To
The value of the left is not equal to the value of the right.
Aggregate Cost
Sum of direct costs.
Application
Cost of applying for the resource being described.
Background Check
Cost for a background check.
Childcare
Financial aid towards paying for supervision, care, and activities for children.
Consumables
Cost for supplies or materials that are depleted or replaced.
For resources such as textbooks use costType:LearningResource.
Enrollment Fee
Cost to enroll in the learning opportunity being described.
Equipment
Cost for durable tools, instruments or machines.
Graduation Fee
Separate graduation fee.
Cost for one or more learning resources.
Examples include resources such as textbooks, workbooks, laboratory supplies, and other related supplies.
Meals
Cost for meals while participating in the learning opportunity.
Mixed Fees
The sum of fees that are not identified individually.
Optional Charges
Cost for additional fees, other services, equipment, or facilities that are not required.
Personal Expenses
Cost for personal living or incidental expenses.
Where possible use a more specific Cost Type, such as costType:Travel or costType:Meals.
Processing Fee
Cost for processing or expediting information related to the resource being described.
Program Specific Fee
Additional cost for participation with a specific program or course of study such as engineering, business, and nursing.
Reexamination Fee
Cost for retaking an instance of the resource being described.
Maintenance Fee
Cost for maintenance or renewal of the resource being described.
Rescheduling Fee
Cost for rescheduling an instance of the resource being described.
Room or Residence
Cost for room, residence or boarding.
Scoring Fee
Cost for scoring the resource being described.
Special Hardship
Financial aid towards covering hardship arising from unforeseen circumstances.
Special Needs
Financial aid towards paying for extra costs associated with accommodating a special need.
Standalone/Extra Assessment
Cost for standalone assessments.
Student Services Fee
Cost for student services related to the learning opportunity.
Technology Fee
Cost for accessing technologies related to the learning opportunity or activity.
Travel
Financial aid towards paying for travel costs.
Tuition
Cost for teaching and instruction.
Active
Awards of the credential are ongoing.
Ceasing
Resource is in the process of becoming no longer active, current, ongoing, offered, operational, or available.
Deprecated
Awards of the credential have ceased.
Probationary
Credential award is provisional or temporary; frequently pending further assessment of qualification.
Suspended
Awards of the credential are not available, but may resume.
Teach Out
Arrangement by which an educational institution provides its current students with the opportunity to complete the credential when the program, institution or location offering access closes.
Academic Year
Credit that is issued or accepted as being related to one or more academic years.
Carnegie Unit
Credit that is based on 120 hours of contact time or class time with an instructor.
Certificate Credit
Credit that is issued or accepted for certificates.
Includes credits earned while enrolled in a certificate program.
Clock Hour
Credit that is issued or accepted as being related to one or more temporal hours.
Competency Credit
Credit that is issued or accepted for a particular competency or set of competencies.
Contact Hour
Credit that is issued or accepted as being related to one or more temporal hours of instruction presented to students.
Continuing Education Unit
Credit that is issued or is accepted as education units for meeting professional development requirements.
Based on international standards, continuing education units are based on contact hours that may be converted to other units of measurement, such as professional development hours (PDH), continuing education credits (CEU), and continuing professional credits (CPC).
Degree Credit
Credit that is issued or is accepted as credit for earning a college-level degree.
Includes credits earned while enrolled in a postsecondary program for a college-level degree.
Dual Credit
Credit that is applicable to two different educational levels.
Quarter Hour
Credit that is issued or accepted at an academic quarter level.
Requirement Credit
Credit that is issued or accepted for some type of requirement.
Secondary Diploma Credit
Credit that is issued or accepted for a secondary diploma.
Includes credits earned while enrolled in a secondary diploma program that meet graduation requirements.
Semester Hour
Credit that is issued or accepted at a semester level.
Time-Based Credit
Credit with a unit of measurement based on time, either figuratively or literally.
Type-Based Credit
Credit with a unit of measurement based on the type of credit.
Asynchronous
Delivery is such that participants are not expected to undertake activities simultaneously.
Blended Delivery
Delivery includes significant levels of both in person and online.
In-Person Only
Delivery is only face-to-face.
Mixed Synchronous
Delivery is such that participants are expected to undertake some, but not all, activities simultaneously.
Online Only
Delivery is only via the Internet.
Synchronous
Delivery is such that participants are expected to undertake activities simultaneously.
Variable Site
Delivery is not tied to a specific site.
Includes physical/in-person delivery to a range of locations, whether predetermined or customized to a specific need. Examples include equipment for dispensing information to mobile devices in locations with limited/no connection.
Academic Assistantship
Paid employment in which students receive tuition or other reimbursement for the tasks they perform for faculty members, departments, and/or educational institutions.
Apprenticeship
Combination of on-the-job training and related instruction that meets standards in which workers learn the practical and theoretical aspects of a skilled occupation.
Co-Operative
Paid work experience utilized by approved career and technical education programs to combine classroom and on-the-job training and education which provides academic credit for structured job experience.
Department of Defense Tuition Assistance
Financial assistance provided to qualified active duty service members and their families for voluntary off-duty educational programs in support of professional and personal self-development goals.
Federal Grant
Financial subsidy, which doesn’t require repayment, based on meeting requirements determined by the Federal Government.
Federal Scholarship
Financial aid award, which doesn’t require repayment, from the Federal Government based on student achievement and other criteria for education.
Federal Subsidized Loan
Loan from the Federal Government that is based on financial needs of the student and is intended to offset costs related to education, living, and resources.
Federal Unsubsidized Loan
Loan from the Federal Government that does not require evidence of the financial needs of the student, and is intended to offset costs related to education, living, and resources.
Federal Work Study
Program funded by the Federal Government designed to provide part-time jobs for students to offset educational expenses.
General Financial Assistance
Types of financial assistance for students towards education, training, or related costs of pursuing a credential, program, or other resource.
Grant
Financial subsidy, which doesn’t require repayment, based on meeting requirements determined by the grantor.
Institutional Grant
Financial subsidy, including free or discounted tuition or other fees, which doesn’t require repayment, based on meeting requirements determined by an educational institution.
Institutional Loan
Loan from an educational institution that is intended to offset costs related to education, living, and resources.
Institutional Scholarship
Financial aid award, which doesn’t require repayment, from an educational institution based on student achievement and other criteria for education.
Internship
Time-limited work offered by an organization approved by a qualified institution to gain experience or satisfy requirements for another resource.
Loan
Financial aid that requires repayment with terms determined by the entity providing the loan.
Loan Forgiveness Program
Program that forgives the remaining balance on a loan after meeting certain requirements.
Military
Financial aid available to active duty service members, veterans, and/or their qualified family members.
Other Grant
Financial subsidy based on meeting requirements from one or more other sources.
Other Loan
Loan from one or more other sources that is intended to offset costs related to education, living, and resources.
Other On-Campus Work
Paid non-academic employment available for students on an educational institution’s campus.
Other Scholarship
Financial aid award, which doesn’t require repayment, from one or more other sources based on student achievement and other criteria.
Parent PLUS Loan
Loan from the Federal Government available to the parents of dependent students.
Pell Grant
Financial subsidy, which doesn’t require repayment, that the Federal Government provides based on the financial needs of the student.
Post 9-11 GI Bill
Financial assistance provided to qualified active duty service members, veterans, and qualified family members that is based on military service and intended to offset costs related to education, living, and resources.
Private Grant
Financial subsidy, which doesn’t require repayment, based on meeting requirements determined by a private entity, including employers.
Private Loan
Loan from a private entity, including employers, that is intended to offset costs related to education, living, and resources.
Private Scholarship
Financial aid award, which doesn’t require repayment, from a private entity, including employers, based on student achievement and other criteria for education.
Promise Program
Program for students in a given area, with minimal requirements, that pays for tuition without requiring repayment.
Scholarship
Financial aid award based on student achievement and other criteria for education that doesn’t require repayment.
State or Local Grant
Financial subsidy, which doesn’t require repayment, based on meeting requirements determined by a state, province, region, and/or local government.
State or Local Loan
Loan from a state, province, region, and/or local government that is intended to offset costs related to education, living, and resources.
State or Local Military Assistance
Financial aid provided by a state or local government to active duty service members, veterans, and/or qualified family members.
State or Local Scholarship
Financial aid award, which doesn’t require repayment, from a state, province, region, and/or local government based on student achievement and other criteria for education.
State or Local Work
Program funded by a state, province, region, and/or local government designed to provide work for students to offset educational expenses.
Stipend
A fixed sum of money paid for services or to defray expenses incurred through specific activities, which is typically distinct from wages or a salary.
Veteran Educational Assistance Program
Financial assistance provided to qualified active duty service members and veterans as a matching program that is intended to offset educational expenses.
Vocational Rehabilitation
Financial for veterans with a qualifying service-connected disability rating for training or education related to pursuit of a career or career-related resource.
Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA)
Financial aid established on behalf of a qualified participant with a training provider that is on the state's Eligible Training Provider List (ETPL).
Work-Based
Financial compensation for participating in work-based learning opportunities.
Artificial Intelligence
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations based on, or provided by any form of AI.
Professional Associations
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by professional associations.
Business
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by business.
Business or Industry Association
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by business or industry association.
Committee
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by a group of individuals convened to represent a larger group or range of stakeholders.
Consumers
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by consumers.
Education Administrators
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by education administrators.
Educators
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by education instructors or faculty.
Subject Matter Experts
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by subject matter experts.
Governments
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by government.
May include local, state or provincial, and federal or national government.
Guardians
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by parents or guardians.
International Bodies
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by international bodies.
Practitioners
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by practitioners.
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by community members and the general public.
Students
External stakeholder review, guidance or recommendations by all types of learners.
Applied Instruction
Provides learning opportunities in the context of real world examples, cases, and applications.
Applies to methods such as contextual learning, applied academics, academic-technical integration, problem-based learning, project-based learning, and case methods.
Learning through work that leads to a credential that is recognized by a relevant authority and is deliberately structured and supported to provide a progression of learning experiences.
Augmented Reality
Provides interactive learning experience through technology that superimposes a computer-generated image on a user's view of the real world, thus providing a composite view.
Clinical Rotation
Learning through real-world work experience in a medical context under the direct supervision of a qualified practitioner.
Cocurricular Learning
Learning opportunity that supplements or complements the curriculum.
Use for activities that are not part of a formal curriculum.
Cohort-Based
Format in which people progress as a group.
Competency Based
Method that focuses on learners demonstrating the knowledge, skills and/or attitudes in highly specific units regardless of time, place, or pace of learning, usually in authentic contexts.
This definition is based on Commonwealth of Learning (COL) "Open and Distance Learning: Key Terms and Definitions" (May 2023) http://hdl.handle.net/11599/3558
Gaming
Provides interactive educational experiences which demonstrate concepts in a way that promotes critical thinking, overcoming challenges within prescribed rule sets, problem solving, and in some cases, teamwork and/or competition.
Individual or group games that have cognitive, social, behavioral, and/or emotional dimensions which are related to educational objectives.
Instructor-Led
Learning activities are facilitated by a subject matter expert.
The subject matter expert is expected to be a human and may be known as an instructor, teacher, trainer.
Work position that is intended to provide a learner with an opportunity to gain experience but that is not structured around learning and does not itself lead to a credential recognized by a relevant authority.
Laboratory
Hands-on individual or group experiences for applied learning concepts and methods, procedures and protocols with equipment and technologies.
Applies to clinical practice and methods such as physical and/or virtual simulation or participation, whether direct or indirect.
Lecture
Primary method is presentation by an instructor of learning material and may include student discussion.
Lecture courses may involve student questions and answers, but the role of the instructor is clearly differentiated from that of the students.
Medical Residency
Learning through real-world work experience at the graduate level in a medical context where a qualified participant works under the direct supervision of a senior practicioner.
Prerecorded
Learning by using video, audio, or other prerecorded content.
Self Paced
Provides for personalization and flexibility in the timing and progression of learning for individual learners based on their preferences and needs, prior learning experiences, and ability to progress through learning opportunities.
Applies to methods such as competency-based education, open-entry/open exit, independent study, private study, and correspondence.
Seminar
Primary method is active student discussion leading to advancement of the topic and facilitated by an instructor.
Seminars typically involve small groups to facilitate equal opportunity with the instructor and colleagues to be engaged and occasionally may include students leading discussions.
Simulation
Provides interactive learning experience through imitation of a situation or process.
Work Based
Provides real-world work experiences that may be paid or unpaid and provided in group or individual formats normally outside the classroom.
Applies to methods such as apprenticeships, internships, externships, work study, clinical rotations, residencies, practicums, field study, team projects, and cooperative education.
Resource is active, current, ongoing, offered, operational, or available.
Ceased
Resource is permanently no longer active, current, ongoing, offered, operational, or available.
Developing
Resource is under development and may or may not become active, current, ongoing, offered, operational, or available.
Resource is temporarily not active, current, ongoing, offered, operational, or available.
Arrangement by which an educational institution provides its current students with the opportunity to complete their course of study when the program, institution or location offering access closes.
And
Relation is satisfied when all of the conditions and constraints are satisfied.
When used in a Component Condition, this applies to the combination of all immediately subordinate Component Conditions and Constraints.
Only One
Relation is satisfied when exactly one, and not more, of the conditions or constraints is satisfied.
Relation is satisfied when at least one of the conditions or constraints is satisfied.
Assessment Score
Official documentation of a person’s assessment results.
Completion Record
Document verifying successful completion of structured training with an identifiable provider.
Applies to employer, community-based, military, or continuing education training.
Representation of a credential, digital or non-digital, attesting to a person’s achievements.
Credit Recommendation
Recommendation for credit or competency value issued by an authoritative evaluating body, including amount, level, and conditions for specified learning.
In the U.S., common sources include ACE credit recommendations.
Employer Attestation
Formal statement from an employer verifying duties, scope of work, and performance relevant to claimed learning.
Hours Verification
Record confirming supervised practice, clinical hours, or comparable time-based experience.
Common in clinical, practicum, apprenticeship, or licensure contexts.
Job Verification
Official role description with verification of incumbency and dates.
Military Transcript
Official record of a person’s military education, training, occupations, and related evaluations.
Portfolio
Curated collection of artifacts evidencing learning typically aligned to defined outcomes.
Reflective Narrative
Structured reflection connecting prior experience to defined competencies or outcomes.
Often required in portfolio submissions. There may be a requirement for commentary or analysis in the narrative.
Résumé Verification
Structured record of experience and education accompanied by sufficient validation for evaluation.
Validation may include references, verification letters, or linked evidence.
Skill Profile
Document that maps a person’s work artifacts or experiences to specified competencies, learning outcomes, or course requirements.
Improves defensibility and transparency.
Syllabus
Document outlining objectives, content, requirements, schedule, and assessment for a specific course.
Supports content and outcome alignment.
Transcript
Official academic record of a person’s achievements issued by the record holder.
May be issued by the originating institution or a recognized clearinghouse.
Workplace Learning Record
Documentation of a person's on the job learning.
Includes Apprentice Logbooks and similar.
Work Product
Substantive work product demonstrating applied knowledge aligned to defined outcomes.
May include reports, designs, code, media, or presentations.
Credit Recommendation Review
An evaluation method that uses an authoritative body’s credit recommendation to determine credit awards.
In the U.S., examples include American Council on Education (ACE) credit recommendations.
External Training Evaluation
An evaluation method in which structured, external non-academic training is reviewed to award credit or standing.
May be conducted by employer, third-party, vendor, or external credentialing organization.
Faculty-Developed Examination
A method in which learning is assessed by a course-specific exam created and administered by faculty.
In the United States, examples include challenge exams.
Faculty Transfer Evaluation
An evaluation method in which faculty subject-matter experts judge whether prior learning meets course outcomes.
Individualized Prior Learning Assessment
An evaluation method that uses personalized approaches to assess learning.
Examples include portfolio review, simulation, and interview.
Institution-Developed Assessment
A method in which institution-created assessments are used to determine credit for prior learning.
Examples include challenge exams, projects, and labs.
International Credit Evaluation
An evaluation method in which learning or credit earned from organizations in other countries is reviewed for recognition.
Portfolio Assessment
A method in which a learner-developed portfolio is assessed to evidence prior learning aligned to defined outcomes.
Examples include documentation, work products, and artifacts mapped to competencies or requirements.
Prior Learning Assessment
A structured method used to evaluate an individual's prior learning and its applicability to requirements.
Proficiency Examination
A method in which learning is assessed by an exam used to demonstrate subject mastery for placement or credit.
May be internal or external; use Standardized Examination when using recognized national/international exams.
Standardized Examination
A method in which learning is assessed by a recognized standardized exam administered by an authoritative body.
In the United States, examples include AP, CLEP, DLPT.
Transcript Evaluation
An evaluation method in which prior records are reviewed to determine applicability.
Transfer Credit Evaluation
An evaluation method that provides a preliminary determination of transferability using supplied records before matriculation.
Advanced Standing
An outcome in which standing toward a program or qualification is granted, which may or may not carry transcripted credit.
Credit Awarded
An outcome in which learning results in transcripted credit.
Credit Equivalency
An outcome in which learning fulfills a credit requirement.
Eligibility Met
An outcome in which a prerequisite, admission, or other eligibility requirement is satisfied by recognized learning.
Exemption Waiver
An outcome in which a requirement is waived.
Not Recognized
An outcome in which an evaluation is completed but no recognition is granted.
Placement
An outcome in which a person is placed into a program, hired or promoted.
Recognition Only
An outcome in which learning is acknowledged for placement, exemption, or eligibility without awarding credit.
Learning completed in a registered apprenticeship program.
Clinical Practicum
Learning acquired through supervised clinical or practicum experiences in applied professional settings aligned to program or licensure standards.
Community-Based Organization Training
Learning completed through structured training delivered by a community-based organization.
Community Service
Learning acquired through unpaid service activities performed for the benefit of a community or organization outside a formal curriculum or assessed program.
Continuing Education
Learning completed through structured, non-degree continuing education coursework.
Cooperative Education
Learning acquired through extended, alternating work–study placements integrated with an academic program.
Learning completed in a course, a structured sequence of educational activities designed to develop prescribed competencies.
Custodial Education
Learning completed in educational programs while an individual is incarcerated or in custody.
Learning recognized on the basis of a previously awarded academic degree.
Dual Enrollment
Learning completed in college-level coursework taken concurrently with secondary enrollment.
Employment-Based Training
Learning completed through formal training provided by an employer or workforce development program.
Learning demonstrated via a recognized examination administered by a national, international, or military body.
Experiential Learning
Learning acquired through direct, hands-on experience with guided reflection in real or simulated settings.
Accreditation Body
Organization that evaluates other resources such as organizations, learning opportunities, credentials, and/or individuals to issue third-party validation that the resource meets certain standards of quality, competency, and integrity.
Assessment Body
Primarily offers assessments for credentials as a service.
Organization that primarily sells products or services and employs one or more individuals.
Membership organization primarily engaged in promoting the interests of their business members and providing them with services that may involve the provision of education and credentialing services.
Certification Body
Independent, third-party organization that operates a certification program. A certification body may or may not be governmental, and may or may not have regulatory authority.
Collaborative
Organized group of entities in the public, private, government sectors that collaborates to achieve a common set of goals.
Coordinating Body
An organization that organizes multiple stakeholders around a common goal.
Four-Year College
Authorized postsecondary institution that primarily offers bachelor or higher degrees, but may also award associate degrees.
Includes free-standing medical, law or other first-professional schools, schools that offer postbaccalaureate certificates only, those that offer graduate programs only, etc.
Government Agency
Organization in the public sector at the federal, state or local levels.
Includes quasi-governmental organizations, special districts (e.g., libraries), corrections organizations, etc., except college and school districts. Is also responsible for the oversight and administration of specific functions other than the military services.
High School
Secondary school providing instruction and educational services that do not focus primarily on career and technical education or alternative education.
Labor Union
Membership organization of workers formed for the purpose of advancing its members' interests in respect to wages, benefits, and working conditions.
Lower Secondary School
School primarily offering programs at the first stage of secondary education building on primary education, typically with a more subject-oriented curriculum.
Use for Middle School.
Magnet/Competitive Admissions School
Public school offering special instruction and programs not available elsewhere, designed to attract a more diverse student body from throughout a school district.
Armed services of a government entity.
Alternative/Non-Traditional School
Secondary (i.e., high school) that: 1) addresses needs of students which cannot typically be met in a regular school; 2) provides nontraditional education; 3) falls outside of the categories of regular, magnet/special program emphasis, or career and technical education.
Postsecondary Educational Institution
Organization such as a college or university.
Organization with the authority to award degrees, and whose primary purpose is to provide postsecondary (tertiary or non-tertiary) education including programs whose purpose is providing academic, vocational, and continuing professional education.
Primarily Online
Organization that primarily operates online.
Primary School
School primarily offering programs designed to provide students with fundamental skills in reading, writing and mathematics and to establish a solid foundation for learning.
Professional Association
Membership organization primarily engaged in promoting the interests of a particular profession, the interests of individuals engaged in that profession, and providing them with services that may involve the provision of education and credentialing services.
Quality Assurance Body
External body that performs accreditation, endorsement, approval, and/or recognition of a credential issuer.
Regulator
Organization that regulates other resources such as organizations, learning opportunities, credentials, and/or individuals against established standards and criteria.
Secondary School
School offering programs at all levels of secondary education, building on primary education through to preparing for tertiary education or providing skills relevant to employment.
Use for schools that cover both Lower and Upper Secondary levels.
Career and Technical School
Secondary school that focuses primarily on providing formal preparation for skilled, technical or professional occupations or careers.
Education and Training Provider
Organization whose major purpose is to provide education and training services but is not a postsecondary education institution with the authority to award degrees.
Includes community-based organizations, non-degree granting proprietary schools which are education and training providers that are recognized by states as schools.
In the U.S., use for Title IV eligible organizations that do not award degrees.
Two-Year College
Authorized postsecondary institution that primarily offers associate degrees and certificates, and, if authorized, may also award higher degrees.
Includes occupational and vocational schools with programs of at least 1800 hours, academic institutions with programs of less than 4 years, etc.
Upper Secondary School
School primarily offering programs at the final stage of secondary education preparing for tertiary education or providing skills relevant to employment, usually with an increased range of subject options and streams.
Vendor
Sells, maintains, and issues credentials for its own products and services for public access and use.
In-State
Legal residency or domicile status of the agent is the state or province of the relevant activity.
Foreign/International
Legal residency, domicile, or citizen status of the agent is as a foreign national.
Local
Legal residency or domicile status of the agent is local.
Out-of-State
Legal residency or domicile status of the agent is a state or province different from the state or provincial locus of the relevant activity.
Regional
Legal residency or domicile status of the agent is the same geographic or political region as that of the relevant activity.
Annually
Schedule is on an annual basis, typically occurring once per year.
Bi-Monthly
Schedule is on a bi-monthly basis, typically occurring every other month.
Bi-Weekly
Schedule is on a bi-weekly basis, typically occurring every other week.
Daily
Schedule is on a daily basis, typically occurring once per day.
Event-Based
Schedule is determined or triggered by other events, such as completion of activities, completion of the resource, events external to the resource, or other events; refer to the resource's information for details.
Hourly
Schedule is on a hourly basis, typically occurring once per hour.
Irregular
Schedule has no significant pattern.
Monthly
Schedule is on a monthly basis, typically occurring once per month.
Multiple Per Week
Schedule is more frequent than a weekly basis.
On-Demand
Schedule allows the participant to choose when the resource begins.
Open Entry/Exit
Schedule allows for the participant to enter, participate with, and complete the resource during any period of the resource's run time.
Quarterly
Schedule is on an quarterly basis, typically occurring three or four times per year.
Self-Paced
Schedule allows for participation at a self-determined pace, though some specific dates and deadlines may be involved.
Semi-Annually
Schedule is on an semi-annual basis, typically occurring twice per year.
Semi-Monthly
Schedule is on a semi-monthly basis, typically occurring twice per month.
Single Instance
Schedule is a single instance of this event.
Weekly
Schedule is on a weekly basis, typically occurring once per week.
Daytime
Schedule is typically during daytime hours.
Evening
Schedule is typically during evening hours.
Weekdays
Schedule is Monday through Friday, consecutively or non-consecutively.
Weekends
Schedule is on a weekly basis, Saturday and/or Sunday.
Criterion-Referenced
Scored based on a comparison to defined criteria and levels of performance.
Norm-Referenced
Scored based on a comparison to a distribution of performance in a reference population.
Accredit Service
Agent service provides official authorization to, or approval of, a credential, organization or program based on prescribed standards or criteria.
Approve Service
Agent service official accepts a credential or authorizes an organization to act or operate.
Offer Service
Agent service offers resources such as credentials, assessments, or learning opportunities.
Recognize Service
Agent service recommends, endorses, indicates preference for, or otherwise provides a positive judgment.
Regulate Service
Agent service monitors and enforces legal requirements or standards.
Renew Service
Agent provides service to extend (renew) the validity of a credential.
Revoke Service
Agent provides service to end (revoke) the validity or operation of an awarded credential.
Development Related
Statement that defines commitments to joint development or future collaboration.
May include curriculum alignment, program expansion, or new partnerships.
Equivalency Request Related
Statement that defines how a person requests determination of equivalency between an external academic resource and a receiving institution’s resource.
Covers process for course, credential, or program equivalency review.
Guarantee
Statement that assures a condition, right, or outcome within the agreement.
May include guarantees of credit acceptance, recognition, or services.
Learning Recognition Evidence Related
Statement that defines how evidence of prior learning evidence is accepted for evaluation.
Learning Recognition Method Related
Statement that defines the method(s) used to evaluate and recognize prior learning.
Learning Recognition Outcome Related
Statement that defines the outcomes that are possible after evaluation of evidence of prior learning.
Learning Recognition Request Related
Statement that defines how a person submits a request for recognition of prior learning.
Covers submission steps, forms or portals, timelines, fees, and evidence requirements.
Learning Recognition Source Related
Statement that defines the context from which prior learning may be recognized.
Limitation
Statement that specifies a restriction or boundary on applicability.
Defines conditions under which transfer or recognition does not apply.
Marketing Related
Statement that defines provisions for promoting the agreement.
Covers branding, logos, co-marketing, and public announcements.
Metric Related
Statement that defines measures or performance indicators relevant to the agreement.
May include success rates, persistence, or evaluation metrics.
Mutual Obligation
Obligation that applies equally to all parties in the agreement.
Often covers shared responsibilities such as maintaining accreditation.
Notice Period
Statement that defines the time required for advance notice of actions such as termination or renewal.
Often expressed in days, months, or academic terms.
Obligation
Statement that specifies a duty or responsibility under the agreement.
Parent concept for mutual, sender, and receiver obligations.
Overview
Statement that summarizes the scope or general provisions of the agreement.
Provides a high-level description without detailed terms.
Purpose
Statement that explains the intent or rationale of the agreement.
Clarifies why the agreement exists and what it seeks to achieve.
Receiver Obligation
Obligation that applies to the receiving party in the agreement.
May include evaluating equivalency, applying transfer credit, or notifying learners.
Sender Obligation
Obligation that applies to the sending party in the agreement.
May include providing transcripts, data, or verifying learning.
Termination Terms
Statement that defines conditions for ending the agreement.
Includes triggers, procedures, and effective dates for termination.
Academic Advising
Personalized process that assists people in achieving educational goals and navigating academic journeys.
Assistive Technology Support
Service that directly assists an individual in the selection, acquisition, or use of assistive technology devices.
Audiological Health Care
Health care and related services covering hearing loss or impairment.
Behavioral Service
Personalized service focused on addressing problem behaviors and developing positive and adaptive behaviors.
Benefits Support
Service that provides guidance and assistance to people in accessing and maintaining the financial and other benefits that can support their academic and career goals.
This can include support in understanding and maintaining eligibility, completing related forms, and navigating application and verification processes.
Career Advising
Personalized process that helps individuals identify and pursue their professional goals, and how to develop the skills and strategies necessary to achieve them.
Career Assessment
Personalized process that helps individuals to identify their interests, skills, values, and personality traits, and to explore how they relate to different career paths and job opportunities.
Career Exploration
Service that provides opportunities or information to discover and learn about careers.
This service can offer information and experiences about job market trends, salary expectations, working conditions and other factors that can help people identify and pursue their career goals.
Case Management
Long-term, client-centered service for delivering comprehensive health and human services that involves ongoing assessment, planning, coordination, monitoring, and evaluation of a client's needs and services provided.
Chatbot
An interactive digital service that answers questions.
Format and technology neutral; may be embedded on web pages or portals, may be driven by AI or similar technology.
Provision of supervision, care, and activities for children in the absence of their parents or guardians.
Clothing Assistance
Service that pays for or provides clothing to people who need appropriate attire.
Computer Hub
Physical location for accessing computers and other technology resources.
Counseling
Personalized process that helps individuals improve their mental health and well-being by exploring their emotions, behaviors, and relationships with the guidance of a trained professional.
Personalized service that provides guidance and support to individuals experiencing personal, work-related, or academic challenges.
Credit Transfer Tool
Online tool that estimates how previously earned credits or other types of prior learning transfers.
Crisis Support
Services that provide immediate assistance to people who are facing unexpected challenges or crises that may interfere with their ability to pursue their academic or career goals.
These services can include financial assistance, housing assistance, crisis hotlines, and counseling services among others.
Diversity Equity Inclusion
Services, programs, and initiatives that promote a welcoming and inclusive environment for individuals of all backgrounds.
Equipment Provision
Service that provides people with access to the equipment, tools, or other physical resources necessary for education, training, or work.
Financial Literacy
Provides people with the knowledge, skills, and resources necessary to make informed decisions about managing their personal finances.
Frequently Asked Questions
A curated support resource that provides answers to common questions.
Format-neutral; may be web, print, or knowledge-base.
Health Care
Programs whose primary purpose is to help individuals achieve and maintain physical well-being through the study, prevention, screening, evaluation and treatment of individuals who have illnesses, injuries, or disabilities.
Immigration Assistance
Assistance for people in navigating legal and administrative procedures involved in immigrating to a new country.
Examples include assistance with visa applications, documentation requirements, and settlement services.
Internet Access
Service where individuals can connect to the internet using their own devices.
Job Placement
Assistance for individuals in finding suitable work.
Examples include providing job searching and matching resources, and facilitating the application, interview, and background check processes.
Learning Resource Provision
Service that provides people with access to educational materials.
Examples of support materials include textbooks, multimedia resources, research papers, journals, and online courses.
Use for libraries and specialized resource centers.
Legal Service
Service that provides people with advice, representation, and/or support in navigating the legal system.
Examples include the interpretation and application of laws and regulations, and advocating for the individual's legal rights and interests.
Mental Health Counseling
Personalized service that provides therapeutic support to individuals experiencing mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, or trauma.
Examples of mental health issues include behavior problems, emotional disturbances, personality disorders, incipient illnesses, and/or other comparable conditions.
Mentoring
Service that pairs individuals with people experienced in professions who can offer guidance and support as they pursue their academic or career goals.
Networking
Service that connects people with employers and professional communities to expand their professional networks and gain access to new job opportunities and career pathways.
Examples include providing opportunities to attend networking events and connect with professionals.
Neurodivergence Service
Services related to neurodivergence.
Neurodivergence means relating to having a mind that functions in ways that are not considered typical according to societal norms.
Use for services relating to autism, tics/Tourettes Syndrome, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and other similar conditions.
Note Taking Assistance
Service that assists individuals to make their own record of classes or lectures.
Peer Service
Service that specializes in facilitating peer interaction.
Examples include peer interactions such as counseling, tutoring, and leadership activities.
Personal Assistance
Personalized service to help and accompany an individual who would otherwise be unable to participate in education, training, and/or work.
Portfolio Advising
A service that helps learners plan and prepare assessment-ready portfolios aligned to defined outcomes and institutional expectations.
Service to provide people who do not have a suitable mailing address with a means to receive their mail.
This service is intended to help individuals receive documents and correspondence.
Prior Learning Assessment Advising
A service that guides learners in selecting, documenting, and submitting evidence for recognition of prior learning.
Psychological Service
Personalized service that provides assessment, diagnosis, and treatment for mental health disorders.
Public Benefits Case Management
Specialized, long-term, and client-centered service for delivering comprehensive public benefits services that involves ongoing assessment, planning, coordination, monitoring, and evaluation of a client's needs and services provided related to public assistance programs.
Reader Service
Service for reading text or describing visual content.
For pre-recorded formats such as audio books use the accommodationType property with the value "AlternativeFormats".
Rehabilitation
Service that provides a combination of treatment and education designed to restore maximum functioning, independence, and a sense of well-being for individuals who have temporary or permanent disabilities.
Residential Living
Service that provides a therapeutic living environment in community-based residential facilities for individuals with special needs, including those with emotional and/or behavioral problems.
Respite Care
Service that provides temporary care to relieve a caregiver.
Sign Language
Service that provides sign language interpretation.
Skill Mapping
Service that helps identify and assess an individual's specific skills and qualifications to determine any gaps or overlaps in their knowledge or experience as they relate to a career pathway.
This process can identify opportunities for advanced standing, transfer credit, or other forms of recognition for their skills, which can help people save time and money in pursuit of their education or career goals.
Study Skills
Service that provides assistance for people who want to improve their study habits, test preparation skills and test-taking techniques.
Substance Abuse Prevention
Service related to preventing the misuse or abuse of drugs, alcohol, or other substances.
Support Coordination
Service that involves coordinating and integrating various other services to provide comprehensive support to individuals.
Support coordination emphasizes a holistic and personalized approach where services are delivered in a comprehensive manner, rather than in isolation.
Use for services known as "wraparound services" in the U.S.
Supported Work
Service that helps people with special needs find and retain paid work.
This can include advocacy and support services to address behaviors and basic skills required to stay employed.
Talent Marketplace Signaling
Service that enables employers to provide information that helps education and training providers align their offerings to current and future job opportunities.
Technology Lending
Service that loans out technology equipment such as laptops, tablets, and other devices.
Test Assistance
Service that provides assistance for people who need help in reading or writing responses to test items.
Transfer Admission
Service that provides information and support about the criteria and process for students applying as transfer candidates rather than first-time freshmen.
Transfer Advising
A service that helps learners understand transfer options and applicability and plan efficient pathways to their goals.
Covers guidance on policies, prerequisites, timelines, and required documentation.
Transfer Equivalency Tool
Searchable system showing how courses from other institutions equate to local offerings.
Transfer Outreach Event
An event-based support service that informs and engages prospective transfer learners about pathways, policies, and resources.
Includes fairs, info sessions, and campus visit programming.
Transfer Timeline
A support resource that outlines recommended steps and deadlines for completing transfer and recognition processes.
Can be generalized or program-specific.
Translation
Service that provides spoken or written language translation.
For sign language, use Sign Language Service
Transportation
Service that provides or arranges transportation for people.
Tutoring
Individualized or small group teaching.
Tutoring as a support service is normally provided as a supplement to a regular teaching program.
Vision Service
Health care and related services related to vision loss or impairment.